Application of ESCA in Oxides

1 Binding Energy interpretation of Different Forms of Alumina 

2 Thin Films of Alumina on Aluminum. How about carefully grown alumina films on top of reasonably good conductors The classic examples of this are, the anodic or thermal growths of alumina on Al°, or, more fundamentally, systems that result from the careful adsorption or deposition of small (Langmuir) quantities of O2 onto various single crystal faces of Al°. 

3 Controlled Thin-Film Growth Studies. The pristine adsorption of O2 onto the surface of Al(l 11) was studied by McConville et al. [66]. This was a very involved photoelectron study that was reviewed in detail by Bradshaw [67]. McConville et al. report the Al°(2p) 3/2 to 1/2 split with the Al°(2p3/2) at 72.5 eV. Several intermediate (chemisorption ( )) oxidized Al peaks were also detected, producing, among others, Al (2p) peaks split from the metal by 1.5 eV. Then, finally, after coverage of several monolayers of purported AI2O3, an Al (2p) was generated split from that of Al° by 2.7 eV. 

4 Thermal Oxidation Studies. Another example of a detailed study of the oxidation of aluminum metal was provided in the Cornell Ph.D. Dissertation by Eric Johnson [68], and in a subsequent review of various AI2O3 studies the he coauthored with Cocke and Merrill [65]. They reported prominent Al (2p) peaks 

Crystalline Amorphous Chemisorbed Oxide Oxide Oxygen 

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