Apoptosis therapeutic targeting

W6. Ward, C., Dranstield, I., Chilvers, E. R., Haslett, C., and Rossi, A. G., Pharmacological manipulation of granulocyte apoptosis Potential therapeutic targets. TIPS 20,503-509 (1999). 

Nachmias, B., Ashhab, Y., Ben-Yehuda, D. (2004) The inhibitor of apoptosis protein family (IAPs) an emerging therapeutic target in cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 14, 231-243. 

Rackham O, Nichols SJ, Leedman PJ, Bemers-Price SJ, Filipovska A (2007) A gold(I) phosphine complex selectively induces apoptosis in breast cancer cells implications for anticancer therapeutics targeted to mitochondria. Biochem Pharmacol 74 992-1002... 

Fischer U, Schulze-Osthoff K. New approaches and therapeutic targeting apoptosis in disease. Pharmacol Rev 2005 57 187-215. 

Garg S, Narula J, Chandrashekhar Y. Apoptosis and heart failure Clinical relevance and therapeutic target. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2005 38 73-79. 

Gill C, Mestril R, Samali A. Losing heart The role of apoptosis in heart disease—a novel therapeutic target FASEB J 2002 16 135-146. 

The inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (lAPs), which are characterized by the presence of one or more baculovirus lAP repeat (BIR) domains, are a family of endogenous apoptosis inhibitors that possess multiple antiapoptotic activities, including binding and inhibition of active caspases 3, 7, and 9. By inhibiting the downstream caspases 3 and 7, lAPs block the convergence point of multiple caspase activation pathways and thus inhibit apoptosis induced by various stimuli (81). At least eight human lAP members have been identified, of which XIAP (X-linked lAP) and survivin have received the most attention as therapeutic targets (82). 

Holcik M, Gibson H, Korneluk RG. XIAP apoptotic brake and promising therapeutic target. Apoptosis 2001 6 253-261. 

JNK is an indispensable downstream transducer of pro-apoptotic signals in car-diomyocytes [5, 25,26] (Fig. 12.3), thus, its inhibition by WBZ 4 should antagonize sorafenib s inhibition of RAF 1. In cancer cells, both drugs overlap on therapeutic targets PDGFR and KIT [5, 13], while JNK inhibition by WBZ 4 interferes with a redundant pro-apoptotic pathway that may be restored through p38 mediation [26], The surrogate role of p38 may not be universal, but holds in the MAPK cancer-related contexts of proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis [26],... 

Rayasam GV, Tulasi VK, Davis JA, Bansal VS (2007) Fatty acid receptors as new therapeutic targets for diabetes. Expert Opin Ther Targets 11 661-671 Ren Y, Silverstein RL, Allen J, Savill J (1995) CD36 gene transfer confers capacity for phagocytosis of cells undergoing apoptosis. J Exp Med 181 1857-1862 Rolls ET (2007) Sensory processing in the brain related to the control of food intake. Proc Nutr Soc 66 96-112... 

Nicholson, D. W., ICE/CED3-like proteases as therapeutic targets for the control of inappropriate apoptosis, Nat. Biotechnol., 14, 173, 1996. 

Dean, E. J., Ranson, M., Blackball, R, Holt, S. V, Dive, C. Novel therapeutic targets in lung cancer inhibitor of apoptosis proteins from laboratory to clinic. Cancer Treat. Rev. 2007, 33, 203-212. 

It is well known that most nuclear receptors have been implicated inhuman diseases. The importance of the NR4A subfamily of nuclear receptors as potential therapeutic targets for disease stems from their described implications in Parkinson s disease, schizophrenia, manic depression, atherogenesis, Alzheimer s disease, rheumatoid arthritis, cancer and apoptosis. 

Varfolomeev E, Vucic D (2011) Inhibitor of apoptosis proteins fascinating biology leads to attractive tumor therapeutic targets. Future Oncol 7(5) 633-648... 

---