Aplastic bone marrow changes

SAFETY PROFILE Poison by intraperitoneal and subcutaneous routes. An experimental teratogen. Human systemic effects by ingestion and intravenous route anorexia, nausea or vomiting, leukopenia, agranulocytosis and aplastic anemia of the blood, bone marrow changes, and hair changes. Experimental reproductive effects. Human mutation data reported. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of SOx. 

What appeared to be a new inborn error of metabolism was described by Branda in 1978 (B19). The patient was a young man who came from a family in which hematological disease had contributed to, or caused the death of 18 of 34 affected members of the family. He was found to have a severe anemia and an aplastic bone marrow and required regular transfusions. A further bone marrow biopsy 2 years later showed continuing severe aplasia but a megaloblastic change was noted in the few remaining erythrocyte precursors. His serum vitamin normal but his serum folate was minimally... 

Numerous case reports and epidemiological studies suggest a leukemogenic action of benzene in humans—the leukemia tending to be acute and myeloblastic in type, often following aplastic changes in the bone marrow. Acute myelocytic leukemia may be preceded by myelodysplastic syndrome, a preleukemic state characterized by abnormal marrow architecture, inadequate hematopoiesis, and many cells with chromosome damage." Benzene may also induce chronic types of leukemia. ... 

The presence of antimicrobial drug residues in the edible tissues can cause allergies, toxic effects, changes in the intestinal microbial fauna and acquisition of drug resistance. Chloramphenicol residues in food consumed by humans can even result in aplastic anemia, which causes very serious bone marrow diseases. Nitrofuran antibiotics are known to cause cancer and many other diseases. It is for this reason that most countries that import fish products have banned the use of certain antibiotics (Sanandakumar, 2002). 

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