Apis cerana

Flowers of some orchids mimic both the appearance and sex pheromone of virgin females of certain species of bees or wasps. This sexual deception results in pollination by male hymenoptera that would not normally visit flowers. Japanese honey bee drones (Apis cerana japonica) cluster on the oriental orchid (Cymbidiumpumilum) while on their mating flights [ 134]. By comparing volatile profiles of orchids and the female hymenoptera they mimic, or by GC-EAD and GC-MS analysis of orchid volatiles, several compounds have been identified that may mediate this attraction for the solitary bee Andrena nigroaenea [135, 136] and the scoliid wasp Campsoscolia ciliata [135]. 

Lingappa, S., A. Jagadish, K. Shivaramu, and H.P Prabhuswamy. 1985. Relative intrinsic toxicity of seven insecticides to foragers of the Indian hive bee, Apis cerana indica F. Insect Sci. Applica. 6 567-568. 

Sasaki M., Ono M., Asada S. and Yoshida T. (1991) Oriental orchid (Cymbidiumpumilum) attracts drones of the Japanese honeybee (Apis cerana japonica) as pollinators. Experientia 47, 1229-1231. 

E.R. (1997). (Z)-ll-Eicosen-l-ol, a major component of Apis Cerana venom. 

Shi J, Lua S, Du N, Liu X, Song J et al (2008) Identification, rectunbinant production and structural characterization of four silk proteins from the Asiatic honeybee Apis cerana. Biomaterials 29 2820-2828... 

Radloff, S.E., Hepburn, R. and Bangay, L.J. (2003) Quantitative analysis of intracolonial and intercolonial morphometric variance in honeybees, Apis mellifera and Apis cerana. Apidologie, 34 339-351. 

Joshi, S. R., Pechhacker, H., Wiliam, W., and von der Ohe, W. (2000). Physico-chemical characteristics of Apis dorsata, A. cerana and A. mellifera honey from Chitwan district, central Nepal. Apidologie 21, 367-375. 

Beeswax is the wax obtained from the honeycomb of the honeybee. Apis mellifera L., as well as other Apw species, including A. cerana Fabricius (Family Apidae). 

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