Aorta, human

Rat aorta control Atherosclerotic aorta human Atherosclerosis 1 +1 TOF-SIMS (MSI) Cholesterol, oxysterol, and diacylglycerols detected and localized (32)... 

Poiseuille was a physician-physiologist interested in the flow of blood through blood vessels in the body. Estimate the viscosity of blood from the fact that blood passes through the aorta of a healthy adult at rest at a rate of about 84 cm sec , with a pressure drop of about 0.98 mmHg m". Use 9 mm as the radius of the aorta for a typical human. 

Cardiovascular Effects. No studies were located regarding cardiovascular effects in humans after inhalation exposure to endosulfan. Routine gross and histopathologic examination of the heart and aorta of rats exposed (nose-only) to concentrations of endosulfan of up to 2 mg/m for 6 hours/day,... 

Carpenter, K.L.H., Taylor, S.E., Ballantine, J.A., Fussell, B., lialliwell, B. and Mitchinson, M.J. (1993). Lipids and oxidised lipids in human atheroma and normal aorta. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1167, 121-130. 

Glavind, J. (1952). Studies on the role of lipoperoxides in human pathology presence of peroxidised lipids in atherosclerotic aorta. Acta Path. Microbiol. Scand. 30, 1-6. 

Humans may be exposed to hydrogen sulfide both from its endogenous production or from exogenous sources. Most endogenous production apparently results from the metabolism of sulfhydryl-containing amino acids, e.g., cysteine, by bacteria present in both the intestinal tract and the mouth (Beauchamp et al. 1994 Tonzetich and Carpenter 1971) however, it is also produced in the brain and several smooth muscles, e.g., thoraic aorta, by enzymes found in these tissues (Abe and Kimura 1996 Hosoki et al. 1997). 

The peripheral chemoreceptors include the carotid and aortic bodies. The carotid bodies, which are more important in humans, are located near the bifurcation of the common carotid arteries. The aortic bodies are located in the arch of the aorta. The peripheral chemoreceptors respond to a decrease in P02/ an increase in PC02, and a decrease in pH (increase in H+ ion concentration) of the arterial blood. 

The expression of 15-LOX in atherosclerotic lesions is one of the major causes of LDL oxidative modification during atherosclerosis. To obtain the experimental evidence of a principal role of 15-LOX in atherosclerosis under in vivo conditions, Kuhn et al. [67] studied the structure of oxidized LDL isolated from the aorta of rabbits fed with a cholesterol-rich diet. It was found that specific LOX products were present in early atherosclerotic lesions. On the later stages of atherosclerosis the content of these products diminished while the amount of products originating from nonenzymatic lipid peroxidation increased. It was concluded that arachidonate 15-LOX is of pathophysiological importance at the early stages of atherosclerosis. Folcik et al. [68] demonstrated that 15-LOX contributed to the oxidation of LDL in human atherosclerotic plaques because they observed an increase in the stereospecificity of oxidation in oxidized products. Arachidonate 15-LOX is apparently more active in young human lesions and therefore, may be of pathophysiological importance for earlier atherosclerosis. In advanced human plaques nonenzymatic lipid peroxidation products prevailed [69],... 

Tsuchida, S., Maki, T., Sato, K., Purification and characterization of glutathione transferases with an activity toward nitroglycerin from human aorta and heart. J. Biol. Chem. 265 (1990), p. 7150-7157... 

Cardiovascular Effects. Cardiovascular effects have not been reported in humans after exposure to -hexane. Information from animal studies is limited to histopathological examination of the heart and aorta after intermediate-duration inhalation studies. No treatment-related lesions were seen in B6C3F, mice exposed to 77-hexane via inhalation at concentrations up to 10,000 ppm for 6 hours a day, 5 days a week for 13 weeks or 1,000 ppm for 22 hours a day, 5 days a week for 13 weeks (Dunnick et al. 1989 NTP 1991). Similar results were noted in male Sprague-Dawley rats exposed via inhalation to up to 500 ppm 77-hexane for 22 hours a day, 7 days a week for 6 months (IRDC 1981). 

B12. Bihari-Varga, M., Gruber, E., Rotheneder, M., Zechner, R., and Kostner, G. M., Interaction of lipoprotein Lp(a) and low density lipoprotein with glycosaminoglycans from human aorta. Arteriosclerosis (Dallas) 8, 851-857 (1988). 

Carbonic Anhydrase Activity of Human Aorta Tissue... 

Segments of human aorta obtained fresh at autopsy were freed from blood and covering connective tissue and analyzed manometrically for carbonic anhydrase activity. Twelve specimens from 7 males and 5 females yielded nearly a 9-fold spread in values (0.12 to 1.05 units).31 This is interesting in view of the zinc content of carbonic anhydrase and the extremely wide variations in the zinc content of blood plasma and spleens which have been observed (pp. 55 and 72). 

GaUe, J., Schneider, R., Heinloth, A., Dimmeler, S., and Heermeier, K., 1999, Lp(a) and LDL induce apoptosis in human endothelial cells and in rabbit aorta role of oxidative stress. Kidney Int. 55 1450-1461. 

R., Matsumoto, K., Kameda-Takemura, K., Yamashita, S., Matsuzawa, Y., 1999, CD36, a novel receptor for oxidized low-density hpoproteins, is highly expressed on hpid-laden macrophages in human atherosclerohc aorta, Arterioscler. Thromb. Vase. Biol. 19 1333-1339. 

MULTI-LINEAGE BLOOD STEM CELLS EMERGE IN THE EIRST MONTH EROM THE HUMAN EMBRYONIC AORTA... 

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