Antiviral hypericum

Stevia Stevia rebaudiana) Uses Natural sweetener, hypoglycemic and hypotensive properties Actions Multiple chemical components sweetness d/t glycoside, stevioside hypotensive effect may be d/t diuretic action or vasodilation action Available forms Liq extract, powder, caps Notes/SE HA, dizziness, bloating Interactions T Hypotensive effects W/ antihypertensives esp CCB, diuretics EMS Monitor BP does not encourage dental caries may -1-glucose St. John s Wort (Hypericum perforatum) Uses Mild-mod depression, anxiety, anti-inflammatory, immune stimulant/anti-HIV/antiviral, gastritis, insomnia, vitiligo Action MAOI in vitro, not in vivo bacteriostatic bactericidal, T capillary blood flow, uterotonic activity in animals Efficacy Variable benefit w/ mild-mod depression in several trials, but not always seen in clinical practice Available forms Teas, tabs, caps, tine, oil ext for topical use Dose 2-4 g of herb or 0.2-1 mg of total hypericin (standardized extract) daily Notes/SE Photosensitivity (use sunscreen) rash, dizziness, dry mouth, GI distress Interactions Enhance MAOI activity, EtOH, narcotics, sympathomimetics EMS T Risk of photosensitivity Rxns t effects of opioids and sympathomimetics... 

The genus Hypericum, (Clusiaceae Lindley, syn. Guttiferae A.L. de Jussieu) includes a large number of species worldwide distributed [1]. Several of the botanical species belonging to the genus are used in folk medicine and among them H. perforatum L. (St. John s Wort) is especially known as a traditional remedy for the treatment of melancholia, abdominal and urogenital pain and ulcerated bums [2,3]. Over the last two decades, it has been demonstrated that St. John s Wort is effective as an antidepressant [4-6], an antiviral [7,3] and an antimicrobial [8]. 

Hypericum perforatum L. St. John s wort Shoots Depression, antiviral agent Hyperforin, hypericin, flavonol glycosides... 

Hypericin, the dark-red pigment from Hypericum perforatum, is a dehydrodianthrone, structurally an anthraquinone. However, it does not break down to anthrone in the bowel and is without laxative action. Hypericin has been thoroughly investigated and used (generally in Hypericum extracts standardised to hypericin content) for antidepressant and antiviral activities (Bombardelli and Morazzoni 1995). 

However, each constituent in the flower extracts of Hypericum patulum such as an antidepressant and antiviral agent hypericin (15)(Figure 4) which is a naphthodianthrone of a red-coloured anthraquinone derivative in the extract of St John s wort, the flavones quercetin (16) and luteolin (17), the glycosylated flavonoide rutin (18), hyperoside (19) and quercitrin (20) and the biflavone 13, 118-biapigenin (21) (Figure 4) did not inhibit the binding up to their concentrations of 1 j,M. 

Flavonoid luteoforol isolated from Hypericum connatum (Guttiferae), which is used in southern Brazil in the treatment of lesions in the mouth and often related to acute herpetic gingivo-stomatitis, displayed antiviral activity against HSV-1 DNA viral strains KOS and VR733 (ATCC) (Fritz et al. 2007). Moreover, flavones are inhibitors of HlV-1 proteinase (Brinkworlh et al. 1992). 

Modem applications of hypericum (except antiviral use) date back 2000 years. ... 

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