Antimutagenic action

Nagabhushan, M., and S. V. Bhide. 1985. Mutagenicity of chiU extract and capsaicin in short-term tests. Env. Mutagen. 7(6) 881-888. Nagabhushan, M., and S.V. Bhide. 1986. Nonmutagenicity of cur-cumin and its antimutagenic action versus chUi and capsaicin. 

Previously (Adler et al., 1966), only filamentous strains of E. coli have been shown to be reactivated by an extract of E, coli, and reactivation was related to the mechanism of the initiation of cell division. We have for the first time demonstrated reactivation of a nonfilamentous strain of E. coli AB1157 by extracts of propionic acid bacteria. Possible mechanisms of reactivation include stimulation of reparation systems, antimutagenic action and/or stabilization of DNA. The protective effect was very high, reaching a factor of 25 (calculated as the ratio of the number of colonies grown in the presence of extract, to the number of colonies grown in the absence of extract), although the complete recovery of all the cells was never reached. This phenomenon may perhaps be explained by the fact that the maximal effect was observed at a very low viability of the injured cells (0.006%). 

Kada T, Shirasu Y, Ikekawa N, et al. 1986. Detection of natural bio- antimutagens and in vivo and in vitro analysis of their action. Prog Clin Biol Res 209A 385-393. 

The major intermediate of the Maillard reaction 38, having an ally lie system, seems to furnish a cytotoxic ester on metabolic sulfonation [298]. In contrast to the above findings, some Amadori products, such as pyrazines have antimutagenicity [299,300,301]. Enkastines, the Amadori products of 33 and dipeptides, beneficially prolong the action of enkephaline by inhibiting enkephalinase [302]. 

Edenharder, E. et al., Antimutagenic effects and possible mechanisms of action of vitamins and related compounds against genotoxic heterocyclic amines from cooked food, Mutat. Res., 444, 235, 1999. 

Bu-Abbas, A. Clifford, M. N. Walker, R. loannides, C. Marked antimutagenic potential of aqueous green tea extracts mechanism of action. Mutagenesis 1994, 9, 325-331. 

Since other dietary components affect absorption and excretion of deleterious compounds in foods, dietary protein, carbohydrate, fat, mineral, vitamin, or polyphenol content, as well as fiber, probably may influence the biological action of nutrients, antinutrients, and toxicants in foods. The paper by H. F, Stich and M. P. Rosen on antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic effects of naturally occurring phenolic compounds and that by T. K, Smith and M, S, Carson on the effect of diet on toxicosis of trichothecenes deserve special mention for pointing to promising future research directions on beneficial effects of diet on food safety. 

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