Antimony bond type

A mixture of monolauryl phosphate sodium salt and triethylamine in H20 was treated with glycidol at 80°C for 8 h to give 98% lauryl 2,3-dihydro-xypropyl phosphate sodium salt [304]. Dyeing aids for polyester fibers exist of triethanolamine salts of ethoxylated phenol-styrene adduct phosphate esters [294], Fatty ethanolamide phosphate surfactant are obtained from the reaction of fatty alcohols and fatty ethanolamides with phosphorus pentoxide and neutralization of the product [295]. A double bond in the alkyl group of phosphoric acid esters alter the properties of the molecule. Diethylethanolamine salt of oleyl phosphate is effectively used as a dispersant for antimony oxide in a mixture of xylene-type solvent and water. The composition is useful as an additive for preventing functional deterioration of fluid catalytic cracking catalysts for heavy petroleum fractions. When it was allowed to stand at room temperature for 1 month it shows almost no precipitation [241]. 

In the fourth type of fire retardants, a chemical bond between the molecules of the fire retardant and cellulose should produce a finish that strongly resists the effects of laundering and weathering. Among such retardants may be cited cellulose-ammonium phosphate, cellulose-urea phosphate, cellulose-titanium complexes cellulose-titanium-antimony finishes... 

The 8-N rule states that the number of bonds (or local coordination, x) equals 8 minus the number of the periodic group. This rule is illustrated in Fig. 1.2 where we see that for N — 7 the halogens take dimeric structure types with x = 1, for N = 6 the chalcogenides selenium and tellurium take helical chain structures with x = 2, for N = 5 the pnictides arsenic, antimony, and bismuth take a puckered layer structure with x = 3, and for N = 4 the semiconductors... 

AUatropes. Some or the elements exist in two or more modifications distinct in physical properties, and usually in some chemical properties. Allotropy in solid elements is attributed to differences in the bonding of the atoms in the solid. Various types of allotropy are known. In ertuntiomorphic allotropy, the transition from one form to another is reversible and takes place at a definite temperature, above or below which only one form is stable, e.g., the alpha and beta forms of sulfur. In dynamic alloimpy. the transition from one form to another is reversible, but with no definite transition temperature. The proportions of the allotropcs depend upon the temperature. In monotropic allotropy, the transition is irreversible. One allotrope is mctastable at all temperatures, e.g.. explosive antimony. 

Compounds XXI were characterized as stable tetraphenylboratc salts, which are thought to be a type of stibonium that contains Fe—Sb compounds containing halogen groups bonded to the antimony atom were prepared recently by the reaction of [Cp(CO)2Fe3i or Cp(CO)2FeNa with SbX3 (58, 59). 

Elemental antimony is known to mediate the Barbier-type allylation of aldehydes by allylic halides.35 The active intermediates are believed to be allylic antimony(m) species, which are generated from the antimony(O) and the halides. In fact, allylic dichlorostibanes, produced by metathesis of SbCl3 with the corresponding allylic stannanes, react with benzaldehyde to give homoallyl alcohols, where the C-C bond is constructed with -selectivity (Equation (l)).36 Fluoride salts such as KF, NaF, RbF, and CsF accelerate the Sb-mediated Barbier-type allylation with allyl bromide in aqueous media (Equation (2)).37 In the absence of the fluoride ion, no allylation occurs. Although aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes are allylated in good yields by a combined use of Sb-KF, acetophenone, cyclohexanone, and methyl pyruvate remain untouched. 

Monomeric distibenes trani-RSb=SbR exist with protection of very bulky aryl groups. They are formed by dehalogenation of the corresponding dihalides with Mg or by deselenation of a triselenatristibane (Scheme 3) 45,46,71,72 With sterical protection also, a compound of the type RBi = SbR featuring a double bond between antimony and bismuth is stabihzed. ... 

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