Antimicrobial Agents Urinary Antiseptics

When the CD4 count of this patient fell below 200/pL. prophylaxis against pneumocystis pneumonia was instituted. The currently recommended therapy is double-strength trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole or dapsone. Alternative prophylactic regimens include aerosolic pentamidine, dapsone plus pyrimethamine, and atovaquone. Primary prophylaxis against toxoplasmosis is normally recommended with CD4 cell counts below 100/pL in AIDS patients who are IgG antibody-positive. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole plus dapsone is also prophylactic against toxoplasmosis. With the continued decline in CD4 cells, exacerbation of candidal infection may occur despite use of clotrimazole troches, necessitating treatment with fluconazole or itraconazole. [Pg.439]

Antiseptic An agent used to inhibit bacterial growth in vitro and in vivo [Pg.439]

Disinfectant An agent used to kill microorganisms in an inanimate environment [Pg.439]

Sterilization Procedures that kill microorganisms on instruments and dressings methods include autoclaving, dry heat, and exposure to ethylene oxide [Pg.439]

Chlorine demand The amount of chlorine bound to organic matter in water and thus unavailable for antimicrobial activity [Pg.439]

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