Antigen biosensors

Lin YY, et al. A nanoparticle lahel/immunochromatographic electrochemical biosensor for rapid and sensitive detection of prostate-specific antigen. Biosensors Bioelectronics 2008 23 1659-65. http //dx.doi.Org/10.1016/j.bios.2008.01.037. 

Fig. 8. Basic components of a biosensor. In the case of an immunosensor, the antibody (or antigen) would be immobilized onto the transducer.

Here, we describe the design and preparation of antibody supramolecular complexes and their application to a highly sensitive detection method. The complex formation between antibodies (IgG) and multivalent antigens is investigated. When an antibody solution is mixed with divalent antigen, a linear or cyclic supramolecule forms [26-29]. With trivalent antigens, the antibody forms network structures. These supramolecular formations are utilized for the ampH-fication of detection signals on the biosensor techniques. 

Anikeeva, N., Lebedeva, T., Clapp, A.R., Goldman, E.R., Dustin, M.L., Mattoussi, H., and Sykulev, Y. (2006) Quantum dot/peptide-MHC biosensors reveal strong CD8-dependent cooperation between self and viral antigens that augment the T cell response. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 103(45), 16846-16851. 

Biosensors normally offer highly specific molecular recognition reactions like enzyme/substrate-, antigen/antibody-, DNA/DNA-, or protein-interactions [67]. Due to their specific sensing principles and set-up they are limited to special applications and boundary conditions. The limited stability and reproducibility of these devices requires higher standards of maintenance and recalibration. 

Antibody-antigen complex, 14 149 Antibody-antigen reaction, 14 136-138 Antibody-based biosensors... 

Biosensors Biosensors are used in the final measurement stage of immunoassays such as an electrochemistry-based enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) or the measurement of catalyse-labelled antigens at an antibody-coated oxygen electrode. 

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