Anticoagulants chemical structure

Therapeutic Function Anticoagulant Chemical Name See structural formula Common Name —... 

Anticoagulant rodentieides are also categorized by chemical structure. The chemical structure of the currently marketed products fits in one of two chemical classes 4-hydrox-ycoumarins and indanediones. 

Marine algae are the most important source of polysaccharides and the chemical structure of the polymers varies according to the alga species. In recent years, various polysaccharides isolated from marine algae have been used in the fields of food, cosmetic, and pharmacology due to their beneficial biological activities, such as antivirus, anticoagulant. 

It is known that sulfated polysaccharides, including natural and synthesized ones, had great blood-compatibility or even anticoagulant activity [34]. After sulfation of sodium alginate, its derivative contains both sulfate and carboxyl groups, whose chemical structure is analogous to the natural blood anticoagulant heparin. Fan et al. 

FIGURE 19.5 Chemical structures of the SCOSs with anticoagulant activity. (From Huang, R. et al., Carbohydr. Res., 338, 483, 2003. With permission.)... 

The contradictory observations on the toxicity of coumarin stimulated our research into closely related coumarin derivatives in biochemical-pharmacological studies. Considering the limited information available in the various reviews on the biological properties of these compounds, the main emphasis in this paper will be placed on this aspect. It has been considered important to discuss the chemical structure-biological activity relationship of simple coumarins, coumarin anticoagulants, light sensitisers, aflatoxins, and related isocoumarin... 

Table 3.10. CHEMICAL STRUCTURE AND DOSE RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP IN THE ANTICOAGULANT ACTIVITY OF BISHYDROXYCOUMARIN DERIVATIVES 577,578J...

The isoprene-derived molecule whose structure is shown here is known alternately as Coumarin and warfarin. By the former name, it is a widely prescribed anticoagulant. By the latter name, it is a component of rodent poisons. How can the same chemical species be used for such disparate purposes The key to both uses lies in its ability to act as an antagonist of vitamin K in the body. 

Therapeutic Function Anticoagulant, Vitamin K antagonist Chemical Name 3-(Q -acetonyl-p-nitrobenzyl)-4-hydroxycoumarin Common Name Nicoumalone Structural Formula ... 

ESI-MS/MS analysis. Also Becker et al. employed a combination of NMR with chemical analysis and additional biophysical techniques to deduce the structure of 2-sulfated, 3-linked ot-L-galactan and a-L-fucans.46 It was indicated that the extremely different conformations of the two polysaccharides could help to explain their distinct anticoagulant properties. 

Cover image is the chemical and molecular structure of the anticoagulant heparin Back cover illustration electron micrographs of drug distribution... 

Therapeutic Function Anticoagulant, Antithrombotic Chemical Name Heparin, compounds, sodium salt Common Name Dalteparin sodium Tedelparin 4-6 Structural Formula Heparin, compounds, sodium salt... 

The most representative example utilizing this approach is the synthesis of the ultralow molecular weight (ULMW) heparin construct 27 (Scheme 9.2), a heptasac-charide that has a very similar structure to the FDA-approved anticoagulant drug fondaparinux. Fondaparinux is currently synthesized chemically through 50 steps... 

Chemical synthesis of heparin fragments and analogues has been used for biological studies and to define structure-activity relationships [46]. For example, the heparin-antithrombin m interaction [47,48,49,50,51,52,53], which is responsible for the anticoagulant activity of heparin, has been studied in detail by using synthetic fragments. The interaction of heparin with FGF-1, FGF-2, platelets [54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64], and the Herpes Simplex virus, has also been studied by using synthetic specimens. 

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