Doxorubicin , anticancer drug

The polyketides are a large family of bio synthetically related NPs, some of which have very great pharmaceutical value (polyketide sales total about 10 billion annually, see also Chapter 7). Some antibiotics (erythromycin, monensin, rifamycin), immunosuppressants (rapamycin), antifungal substances (amphotericin), antiparasitic (aver-mectin) and anticancer drugs (doxorubicin) are polyketides. The term polyketide refers to the fact that the basic carbon skeleton is not a simple hydrocarbon chain as in the case of fatty acids but is a series of linked keto groups in sequence (Figure 3.6). The first phase of this pathway, the generation of carbon skeleton diversification. 

ANALGESICS-celecoxib, opioids 2. ANTIARRHYTHMICS -amiodarone, flecainide, propafenone 3. ANTICANCER DRUGS - doxorubicin... 

Cardiotoxicity, which can lead to congestive heart failure and death, is a toxic effect of the anticancer drug, doxorubicin. A cumulative dose-effect analysis demonstrated that doxorubicin cardiotoxicity is related to the lifetime dose of the drug (Figure 18.12) and provided the basis for the definition of safe lifetime dose levels (7). The lifetime dose of doxorubicin is now limited to less than 400-450 mg/m, which is associated with a <5% risk of developing congestive heart failure. 

Characteristics Nucleotide analogues Anticancer drugs 6-mercaptopurine Cyclic nucleotides cyclic AMP, cyclic GMP HIV protease inhibitors adefovir Anticancer drugs doxorubicin, etoposide ... 

Scheme 2.10 Reaction scheme for the formation of degradable, cross-linkable system capable of self-assembling into micelles in aqueous solution and loading the anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX). (Reproduced from Ref. [67].)...

Zhao et al. [45] investigated dual dehvery of the anticancer drug doxorubicin and gene (DNA) in modified alginate-based nanoparticles. The particle size and zeta potential of... 

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