Antibody-bound morphine

The washed-precipitate, containing antibody-bound morphine, is dissolved in NCS-solubilizer, and the radioactivity is counted with the help of a Packard-Iri-card Liquid Scintillation Spectrometer,... 

The tube which contained radioactive dihydromorphine and antiserum but no unlabelled morphine, served as a measure of maximum antibody-bound radioactivity,... 

Using spin labelled morphine it is possible to use ESR as an assay technique in this way for opium narcotics in urine and saliva, for antibodies derived from morphine are found to be also active against a number of related chemicals such as heroin and cocaine [164-166]. The absence of the possible hazards and inconveniences of radioactivity and the lack of a need to isolate the displaced molecules from those still bound to the antibody favour the spin immunoassay technique. The American army has been using this method of detection since 1972, and the measurement can be made in about 30 seconds. 

The MIPs have also been utilized as the recognition elements in pseudoimmunoassays. " In this approach, MIPs are substituted for antibodies to quantify the amount of analyte in a biological sample, such as blood plasma. Most MIP immunoassays are competitive binding studies in which a radio- or fluorescent-labeled analyte is added to a mixture of the MIP and imlabeled analyte. After equilibrium is reached, some fraction of the labeled species is bound to the polymer surface and thus can be separated from the supernatant. The supernatant is then analyzed via scintillation or fluorescence techniques to determine the concentration of the original unlabeled analyte. Mosbach et al. have demonstrated that MIP-based immunoassays can rival the selectivity of antibody-based assays. Imprinted polymers for the opioid receptor ligands enkephalin and morphine were prepared and showed submicromolar (pM) level selectivity in a radioligand competition assay in aqueous buffers. The analysis... 

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