Antibodies exchange

Another example of vims clearance is for IgM human antibodies derived from human B lymphocyte cell lines where the steps are precipitation, size exclusion using nucleases, and anion-exchange chromatography (24). A second sequence consists of cation-exchange, hydroxylapatite, and immunoaffinity chromatographies. Each three-step sequence utilizes steps based on different properties. The first sequence employs solubiUty, size, and anion selectivity the second sequence is based on cation selectivity, adsorption, and selective recognition based on an anti-u chain IgG (24). 

Anion-exchangers 145, 147 Anti-Rh sera 171 Antibodies, antitetanus 144 Antitetanus antibodies 144 Antithrombin III 145 Assembly systems, molecular 52... 

Knowing the importance of PGA for the ion exchange in the cell wall, we considered the production of monoclonal antibodies (Ab) to homopolygalacturonic acid. We produced one IgGl hybridoma, named 2F4, that appeared to be specific of PGA [11]. 

Clausen, A. M., Subramanian, A., and Carr, P. W., Purification of monoclonal antibodies from cell culture supernatants using a modified zirconia-based cation-exchange support, /. Chromatogr. A, 831, 63, 1999. 

Santora, L.C., Krull, I.S., and Grant, K., Characterization of recombinant human monoclonal tissue necrosis factor-a antibody using cation-exchange HPLC and capillary isoelectric focusing, Anal. Biochem., 275, 98, 1999. 

Tc(V) gluconate and glucoheptonate are often used when the reaction should be carried out in a neutral aqueous- or mixed aqueous/organic medium, and a rapid exchange reaction and high radiochemical purity of the product is required. In radiopharmaceutical preparations, Tc(V) tartrate is also quite often used. For labelling modified antibodies Tc(V) tricine has recently been particularly recommended [33],... 

Xu et al. [5] described the effect of (z>)-penicillamine on the binding of several antiacetylcholine receptor monoclonal antibodies to the Torpedo acetylcholine receptor. Penicillamine is covalently incorporated into the acetylcholine receptor through SS exchange at the cysteine residues of the a-subunit, altering the antigenic structure of the receptor. This effect on the structure of the native receptor at the neuromuscular junction may be responsible for the establishment of the autoimmune response to the acetylcholine receptor in (i))-penicillamine-induced myasthenia gravis. Cysteine and penicillamine interact to form penicillamine-cysteine mixed disulfide complexes [6] ... 

Using this approach, EGF has been successfully conjugated by disulfide exchange to the A chain of diphtheria toxin (Shimisu et al., 1980). A cystaminyl derivative of insulin also could be conjugated to the A chain of diphtheria toxin by this method (Miskimins and Shimizu, 1979). Other references to disulfide exchange using cystamine include Oeltmann and Forbes (1981) and Bacha et al. (1983) who prepared antibody-toxin and peptide-toxin conjugates, respectively. 

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