Antibiotics Anticholinergics

Tricyclic antibiotics Anticholinergic effects (dry mouth, blurred vision, hypertension) arrhythmias... 

Treatment of symptomatic diverticular disease of the colon is aimed at the relief of symptoms and the prevention of major complications. The efficacy of fiber supplementation and of anticholinergic and spasmolytic agents remains controversial. Antibiotics are commonly used in the treatment of inflammatory complications of diverticular disease. Data from open labelled and randomized controlled trials do suggest the efficacy of rifaximin in obtaining symptomatic relief in patients with diverticular disease. Approximately 30% therapeutic gain compared to fiber supplementation only can be expected after one year of intermittent treatment with rifaximin. Considering the safety and tolerability of rifaximin, this drug can be recommended for patients with symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease. 

The use of cisapride and its benefit to harm balance in children has been reviewed (25). Overall it is well tolerated. The most common adverse effects are diarrhea, abdominal cramps, borborygmi, and colic. Serious adverse events are rare and include isolated cases of extrapyramidal reactions, seizures in epileptic patients, cholestasis, QT interval prolongation and ventricular dysrhythmias, anorexia, and enuresis. Interactions of cisapride with other drugs are similar to those reported in adults. Co-administration of drugs that inhibit CYP3A4, such as imidazoles, macrolide antibiotics, the antidepressant nefazodone, and protease inhibitors such as ritonavir, are contraindicated. Furthermore, co-administration of anticholinergic drugs can compromise the beneficial effects of cisapride. 

Neomycin is not usually administered parenter-ally to animals because of nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity. Only 3% of a dose of neomycin is absorbed following p.o. administration it is, therefore, used in the therapy of coliform enteritis in small and large animals. It is available as tablets, boluses and water additives, in many different combinations with antibiotics, corticosteroids and anticholinergic agents. It can also be used to decrease nitrogenous waste production by the normal gastrointestinal flora in animals with hepatic encephalopathy. Neomycin is not absorbed through the skin, so it is frequently utilized as the antibacterial constituent in ophthalmic formulations (especially in combination with bacitracin and polymyxin B) and in preparations for the treatment of otitis externa in small animals. 

Antidepressants selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants Antihypertensives felodipine Antibiotics quinolones, isoniazid Bronchodilators albuterol, theophylline Corticosteroids prednisone Dopa agonists levodopa Herbals ma huang, ginseng, ephedra Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ibuprofen Stimulants amphetamines, methylphenidate, caffeine, cocaine Sympathomimetics pseudoephedrine Thyroid hormones levothyroxine Toxicity anticholinergics, antihistamines, digoxin Withdrawal alcohol, sedatives... 

---