Antibacterial glycoprotein

Antibacterial Glycoprotein Diptericin Bearing Two O-Linked GalNAc Residues... 

Using NCL, Bertozzi et al. first demonstrated the total chemical synthesis of the native antibacterial glycoprotein diptericin consisting of two O-linked GalNAc residues at positions ThrlO and Thr54 of an 82-amino acid chain (Scheme 11.8) [67],... 

Biopolymers from marine invertebrates. X. Mode of action of an antibacterial glycoprotein aplysianin E, from eggs of a sea hare, Aplysia kurodai. Chem. Pharm. Bull., 37, 3050-3053,... 

Pohl, J., Pereira, A., Martin, N. M., Spitznagel, J. K. (1990). Amino acid sequence of CAP37, a human neutrophil granule-derived antibacterial and monocyte-specific chemotactic glycoprotein structurally similar to neutrophil elastase. FEBS Lett. 272, 200-4. 

The type-V glycopeptide antibiotics with complestatin or chloropeptin as representatives show no antibacterial activity. Instead, the inhibition of binding of viral glycoprotein gpl20 to cellular CD4-receptors was found. Characteristic features for this subclass are a DE-biaryl ring, which is formed by 4-hydroxyphenylglycine (AA4) and tryptophan (AA2). 

Ito T, Yano I, Tanaka K, Inui KI. 1997. Transport of quinolone antibacterial drugs by human P-glycoprotein expressed in a kidney epithelial cell line, LLC-PK1. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 282 955-60... 

This peroxidase, present in milk, saliva, and tears, is involved in the bacterial defense through the oxidation of thiocyanate ions to the antibacterial species hypothiocyanate OSCN and other higher oxyacids. Thiocyanate, the physiological substrate of LPO, is present in secreted fluids in much higher concentrations than in blood plasma or in the extracellular space of tissues. LPO is a glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 78,000 Da and has a high content of carbohydrates (10%). Despite the absence of an X-ray structure for LPO, physico-chemical studies have shown that the bovine milk LPO-heme is a l,5-bis(hydroxymethyl) derivative of heme b, linked to the protein by esterification with Glu-275 and Asp-125 as in MPO. ... 

Peptide antibiotics include a wide range of compounds such as cycloserine (an amino acid), bacitracin (a cyclic peptide), thiostrepton (a Unear peptide), neocarzinostatin (a polypeptide) and bleomycin (a glycoprotein). These compounds possess either antibacterial and/or antitumor activity and should be regarded as conventional peptides for the purposes of HPLC. For a detailed overview of the HPLC retention times of the more common peptide antibiotics in various buffer systems the reader is referred to a recent review (Aszalos and Aquilar, 1984). The recommended stationary phase is a Vydac RP-18 column because it produced the least amount of peak taiUng. Mobile... 

A more plausible explanation for the interaction between digoxin and clarithromycin, and probably also erythromycin, is that the antibacterials inhibit the intestinar or renal P-glycoprotein transport of digoxin, which would increase the oral bioavailability and reduce the nonglomeru-lar renal clearance respectively. Both mechanisms may be important. ... 

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