Drugs anti dementia

Table 14.3. Anti-dementia drugs currently available...

SODIUM BICARBONATE ANTI DEMENTIA DRUGS -MEMANTINE Possible t memantine levels i renal excretion Watch for early features of memantine toxicity... 

Anti-dementia drug N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist... 

Tacrine Tacrine was the first FDA-approved anti-dementia drug. Its use... 

Priority areas for pharmacogenetic research are the prediction of serious adverse reactions (ADRs) and the establishment of variation in efficacy [781]. Both requirements are necessary in CNS disorders and dementia, to cope with efficacy and safety issues associated with current psychotropics and anti-dementia drugs, and new CNS drugs as well. 

Yamada, K., Nabeshima, T. Animal models of Alzheimer s disease and evaluation of anti-dementia drugs. Pharmacol. Ther. 88, 93-113 (2000). doi 10.1016/S0163-7258(00)00081-1... 

Tohda C, Komatsu K, Kuboyama T (2005) Scientific basis for the anti-dementia drugs of constituents from Ashwagandha (Withania somniferd). J Tradit Med 22 (Suppl 1) 176-182 Tomiyama K, Sakuma T, Ishizaka N, Sato N, Katsui N, Takasugi M, Masamune T (1968) Phytopathology 58 115 fide Stoessl et al. (1983)... 

Tyagi, E., Agrawal, R., Nath, C., et al., 2007. Effect of anti-dementia drugs on EPS induced neuroinflammation in mice. Life Sci. 80, 1977-1983. 

We do not recommend the routine use of selegiline, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like ibuprofen, or herbs such as ginkgo biloba for patients with dementia. These all have the potential for problematic side effects that may outweigh their benefit. If they are used, please be sure that a physician closely monitors your patient. 

Considerable neuromuscular involvement also occurs in patients with AIDS.47 100 Peripheral neuropathies, myopathies, and various CNS manifestations (dementia, other psychological manifestations) can occur directly from HIV infection or secondarily, due to some other opportunistic infection.31 85 100 Likewise, peripheral neuropathies are a common side effect of certain anti-HIV drugs (didanosine, stavudine, zal-citabine), and myopathies are a side effect of zidovudine therapy.63 Patients with HIV disease often have painful symptoms such as joint pain, back pain, and pain related to neuropathies and myopathies.100 Hence, HIV disease can often be regarded as a degenerative neuromuscular disorder from the standpoint of a rehabilitation professional. Therapists can therefore help improve function and decrease pain in patients with HIV infection and AIDS.1 33... 

Ketamine also shares a close chemical kinship to prescription drugs Tiletamine and Memantine. Tileta-mine is used in combination with zolazepam as a veterinary anesthetic under the brand names Zoletic and Tela-zol. Memantine is derived from the anti-influenza drug amantadine, and also works to block NDMA receptors. Memantine has been approved for use in Parkinson s disease and dementia in the elderly. It is also being used experimentally with AIDS patients for the treatment of HIV encephalopathy. 

Anti-dementia and other CNS drugs (rivastigmine, pyridostigmine, neostigmine)... 

In particular, antihistamines, anti-Parkinsonian drugs, and medications for dementia affect this system, as do numerous medications for general medical conditions. Many psychiatric medications have side effects that occur because of their influence on the acetylcholine receptors. 

AnceKn ML, Carriere I, Helmer C, Rouaud O, Pasquier F, Berr C, et al. Steroid and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, cognitive decline, and dementia. Neurobiol Aging 2012 33(9) 2082-90. 

Medicinal chemistry has many examples of the development of successful therapeutics based on an exploration of endogenous compounds. The treatment of diabetes mellitus, for example, is based upon the administration of insulin, the hormone that is functionally deficient in this disease. The current treatment of Parkinson s disease is based upon the observation that the symptoms of Parkinson s disease arise from a deficiency of dopamine, an endogenous molecule within the human brain. Since dopamine cannot be given as a drug since it fails to cross the blood-brain barrier and enter the brain, its biosynthetic precursor, L-DOPA, has been successfully developed as an anti-Parkinson s drug. Analogously, the symptoms of Alzheimer s disease arise from a relative deficiency of acetylcholine within the brain. Current therapies for Alzheimer s-type dementia are based upon the administration of cholinesterase... 

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