Anti-apoptotic gene

Ryu H, Smitii K, Camelo SI, Carreras I, Lee J, Iglesias AH, Dangond F, Cormier KA, Cudkowicz ME, Brown RH, Jr, Ferrante RJ (2005) Sodium phenylbutyrate prolongs survival and regulates expression of anti-apoptotic genes in transgenic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis mice. J Neurochem... 

Rabinovitch, A., Suarez-Pinzon, W., Stryanadka, K., Ju, Q., Edelstein, D., Brownlee, M. et al. (1999) Transfection of human pancreatic islets with an anti-apoptotic gene (bcl-2) protects b-cells from cytokine-induced destruction. Diabetes, 48,1223-1229. 

The presence of CaMKIV is positively correlated with the phosphorylation of CREB on S133, and with the expression of several immediate early genes in response to TCR-mediated activation of thymocytes and T cells, or with the expression of anti-apoptotic genes such as Bcl-2 in hematopoietic stem cells. Whether this correlation is a cause-effect relationship or just parallel events that occur during the relevant activation process triggered by CaMKIV needs to be clarified. For example, since... 

Culture medium osmolality has a large influence on animal cell culture. Hyperosmotic conditions, achieved by using salts, CO2, or concentrated media, has been shown as a low-cost method to increase specific productivity of cells. Hybridoma cultures, for instance, show improved productivity with an increase in osmolality (Oh et al., 1993). However, this method is not very popular due to the negative effects on cell growth. The drop in cell growth under hyperosmotic conditions occurs, probably, due to cell death by apoptosis. Thus, expression of anti-apoptotic genes, such as Bcl-2, could allow the use of hyperosmotic conditions to simultaneously limit cell death and increase cell productivity (Kim and Lee, 2002). 

In the case of diterpenes, a different mechanism may be involved in antiinflammatory activity. Interference with DNA-binding activity of p50 protein of NF-kB factor seems to be a mechanism, as shown with kamebakaurin, a kaurane diterpene. This compound did not prevent degradation of ItcB-a isoform or nuclear translocation of NF-kB factor, and the covalent modification of cysteine 62 of p50 by kamebakaurin was proven. Prevention of the induced expression of anti-apoptotic genes and an increase in the induced caspase 8 activity were also observed. These... 

Zaffaroni N, et al. Expression of the anti-apoptotic gene survivin 110. correlates with taxol resistance in human ovarian cancer. Cell... 

A comment about redox signaling must also be made. Although it is well known that I-R results in cardiomyocyte death by apoptosis as well as necrosis (Olivetti et al., 1997), it has also been shown that ROS produced during I-R can induce a number of anti-apoptotic genes and transcription factors (Nishio et al., 1998). 

In summary, we hypothesize that expression levels of the LAP family of anti-apoptotic genes may represent novel diagnostic markers predictive of disease severity. 

Schulz, J. B. (2006). Anti-apoptotic gene therapy in Parkinson s disease, yonma/Transmission. Supplementum, (70) 467—476. 

As mentioned in Section 2.1, bcl-2 is the mammalian homologue of the ced-9 anti-apoptotic gene of... 

Apoptosis induced by doxorabicin is accompanied by the down-regulation of the expression of the oncogene proteins c-erb-2 and c-myc, the anti-apoptotic gene proteins (bcl-2), p53 tumor suppressor protein, and up-iegnlation of the expression of PCNA and c-fos. 

Yao XL, Liu J, Lee E, ling GS, McCabe JT (2005) Progesterone differentially regulates pro-and anti-apoptotic gene expression in cerebral cortex following traumatic brain injury in rats. J Neurotrauma 22 656-668... 

Yamit-Hezi A, Dikstein R. TAFII105 mediates activation of anti-apoptotic genes by NF-kappaB. EMBOJ 1998 17(17) 5161-5169. 

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