Anti-algae

The bromoallene (-)-kumausallene (62) was isolated in 1983 from the red alga Laurencia nipponica Yamada [64a], The synthesis of the racemic natural product by Overman and co-workers once again employed the SN2 -substitution of a propargyl mesylate with lithium dibromocuprate (Scheme 18.22) [79]. Thus, starting from the unsymmetrically substituted 2,6-dioxabicyclo[3.3.0]octane derivative 69, the first side chain was introduced by Swern oxidation and subsequent Sakurai reaction with the allylsilane 70. The resulting alcohol 71 was protected and the second side chain was attached via diastereoselective addition of a titanium acetylide. The synthesis was concluded by the introduction of two bromine atoms anti-selective S -substitution of the bulky propargyl mesylate 72 was followed by Appel bromination (tetrabromo-methane-triphenylphosphine) of the alcohol derived from deprotection of the bromoallene 73. 

The Pursuit of Potent Anti-influenza Activity from the Antarctic Red Marine Alga Gigartina skottsbergii... 

Fig. 1.4 Hemagglutination assay results from the active fraction of the red alga Gigartina skottsbergii. a Red blood cells (RBCs) hemagglutinate in the presence of influenza virus top row) and with extract A4 -t- virus or extract A4 alone. The bottom two rows present the back titration of the virus used in this experiment, b In contrast to the other anti-influenza drugs (ribavirin, amantadine, rimantadine, and zanamivir) that do not induce hemagglutination of human as well as chicken RBCs, extract A4 does it in a dose-dependent manner...

M Nagaoka, H Shibata, I Kimura-Takagi, S Hashimoto, R Aiyama, S Ueyama, T Yokokura. Anti-ulcer effects and biological activities of polysaccharides from marine algae. Biofactors 12 264—274, 2000. 

It has been established that DXS catalyzes the first step in a novel biosynthetic pathway leading to isoprenoids in bacteria, algae, plant chloroplasts, and in the malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum. DXS is therefore a novel target for antibiotics, herbicides, or anti-malarials. Our work has contributed to an understanding of the novel biosynthetic pathway and could further open new perspectives on how to inhibit the pathway in pathogenic bacteria, protists, or weeds. 

From the marine alga Stypopodium flabelliforme, several diterpenoids with interesting biological properties were isolated. The diterpenoid epitaondiol exhibited a potent anti-inflammatory activity related to inhibition of human PLA2 activity and leukocyte accumulation [64], Additionally, epitaondiol has been shown as a potent calcium antagonist in... 

The archaebactena were discovered by Woese (Univ. of Illinois, Urbana) as recently as 1977. These microorganisms differ markedly from eukaryotes, which have visible nuclei and are found in plants and animals, and differ as well from prokaryotes, which principally are found in bacteria and blue-green algae. See also Genetics anti Gene Science (Classical). 

Horikawa M, Noro T, Kamei Y (1999) In Vitro Anti-Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Activity Found in Extracts of Marine Algae Indigenous to the Coastline of Japan. J Antibiot 52 186... 

Trithiolanes have received increasing attention since the identification of diastereomeric 3,5-dimethyl-l,2,4-trithiolane in the volatiles of boiled beef (13). The parent 1,2,4-trithiolane is a component of Shiitake mushrooms (14) and red algae (15). In addition to 3,5-dimethyl-l,2,4-trithiolane, Kubota et al. (16) identified 3-methyl-5-ethyl-l,2,4-trithiolane and 3,5-diethyl-l,2,4-tri-thiolane in both syn and anti forms in boiled Antarctic Gulls. Both compounds were described as garlicky. Flament and co-workers (17) reported the identification of 3-methyl-5-ethyl-l,2,4-trithiolane and 3-methyl-5-isopropyl-l,2,4-trithiolane in a commercial beef extract. ... 

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