Anterior compartment

Pospisil, H., Holzhutter, H.G. A compartment model to calculate time-dependent concentration profiles of topically applied chemical compounds in the anterior compartments of the rabbit eye. Altern Lab Anim 29(3), 347-365 (2001)... 

Reinterpreted Anatomy and Clinical Relevance 12 Important Vessels, Nerves and Lymphatics of the Posterior Compartment 13 Anterior Compartment 14 Connective Tissue Structures 14 Muscles 15... 

The borders of the anterior compartment are the pubic symphysis ventrally the components of the levator ani muscle laterally (Fig. 1.1b) and the perineal membrane (see Table 1.1) caudally. There is no distinct border between the anterior and middle compartment in the female. The contents of the anterior compartment are bladder and urethra (Fig. 1.1b). 

Within the anterior compartment two structures are found that are composed of dense connective tissue the tendinous arch of the pelvic fascia that originates from the pubic bone and that is connected to the pelvic parietal fascia covering the levator ani muscle on its visceral side (superior fascia of the pelvic diaphragm see Table 1.1) and the semicircular fibrous sheath that covers the ventral and lateral... 

Fig. 1.9a-c. Anterior compartment, a Macroscopic preparation of a 23-week-old female fetus with the pubovesical ligament (arrow) and the tendinous arch (arrowhead). x9. b In an axial section (5 mm) of an adult female with the paravisceral fat pad (asterisks), x. c Axial section (400 pm) of a 24-week-old female fetus with the developing paravisceral fat pad (asterisks). X8. b, bladder u, urethra pbo, pubic bone oi, obturator internus muscle... 

The striated muscles of the anterior compartment are the ventral parts of the levator ani muscle (see Table 1.1), i.e. the pubococcygeus and puborectalis muscle of each side. As they are covered by the superior fascia of the pelvic diaphragm, they are clearly separated by the adjacent organs (Fig. 1.10a,d and... 

Important Vessels, Nerves and Lymphatics of the Anterior Compartment ... 

Suhperitoneally,the middle compartment and its organs ahut the anterior compartment ventrally. This area is predominated by the dense coimective tissue bridge intimately coimecting the ventral vaginal wall with the dorsal urethral wall (Fig. 1.12b) (see also Sect 1.3.2). 

In order to establish a diagnosis several reference structures have been introduced together with the reference lines. Within the anterior compartment the bladder base or the most caudal part (mostly the dorsal wall) of the bladder are mentioned. The cervix or the posterior fornix of the vagina are reference structures within the middle compartment. The anorectal junction is the only reference structure of the posterior compartment. 

Schroeder, C., J. Potteiger, J. Randall, D. Jacobsen, L. Magee, S. Benedict, and M. Hulver, The effects of creatine dietary supplementation on anterior compartment pressure in the lower leg during rest and following exercise. Clin J Sport Med, 11 87-95, 2001. 

Carper, M.J., J.A. Potteiger, J.C. Randall, D.J. Jacobsen, M.W. Hulver, and J.R Thyfault, Lower leg anterior compartment pressure response prior to, during, and following chronic creatine supplementation. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 33 S207, 2001. 

Hile, A.M., J.M. Anderson, K.A. Fiala, J.H. Stevenson, D.J. Casa, and C.M. Maresh, Creatine supplementation and anterior compartment pressure during exercise in the heat in dehydrated men. J Athl Train, 41 30-35, 2006. 

There are three main complications of muscle tear cysts and myositis ossificans and, more rarely, calcific myonecrosis (Peetrons 2002). Intermuscular and intramuscular cysts may be encountered after muscle trauma as well-defined echo-free masses with posterior acoustic enhancement. These cysts have an elongated shape and represent the residue of a local hematoma. Their most common location is the calf (see Chapter 15). In selected cases, they may require percutaneous needle evacuation. Calcific myonecrosis is a space-occupying calcified mass that typically develops in the anterior compartment of the leg late after a closed lower extremity... 

The anterior compartment of the arm houses three muscles the coracobrachialis, the biceps brachii and the brachialis (Fig. 7.2). The coracobrachialis takes its origin from the tip of the coracoid process, medial to the insertion of the short head of the biceps, and continues down and laterally to insert onto the medial aspect of the middle third of the humeral shaft. The biceps brachii is formed by a combination of two muscle bellies the long head and the short head. As already described in Chapter 6, the long head originates from a long tendon which... 

Several synovial bursae around the elbow joint lessen friction between bones and the overlying skin and soft-tissue structures. The most important are the olecranon bursa and the bidpitoradial bursa. The olecranon bursa is a large subcutaneous bursa which intervenes between the skin and the olecranon process over the posterior aspect of the elbow. The bidpitoradial bursa (cubital bursa) lies deep in the anterior compartment of the elbow, between the distal biceps tendon and the radial tuberosity, to reduce friction between, especially during pronation of the forearm (Skaf et al. 1999). In fact, the radial tuberosity rotates posteriorly during pronation and wraps the tendon around the radial cortex. During this movement, the bursa is tracked between the tendon and the bone (Fig. 8.8). When distended by fluid, the bicipitoradial bursa may surround the biceps tendon completely and may cause a mass effect on the adjacent branches of the radial nerve. 

The volar (anterior) compartment of the forearm includes the flexor and pronator (antebrachial) muscles. It can be divided by a transverse septum into two layers deep and superficial (Boles et al. 1999). 

The anterior compartment of the thigh includes the sartorius and the quadriceps femoris muscle. Addi-... 

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