Antenna base

As mentioned earlier, a structural model that many workers over the years had suggested for the bacterial photosynthetic apparatus consisted of the reaction center inside a cylinder of the core antenna. Based on the cylindrical structures ofLH2 ofRp. acidophila and LHl ofRs. rubrum, Kiihlbrandt presented a model in 19% for the bacterial photosynthetic unit as shown in Fig. 12 (A). It is of interest to note that in 1997 Walz and Ghosh prepared two-dimensional crystals ofthe LH1 RC complex from Rs. rubrum and obtained electron micrographs which confirmed that the RC is located inside the LHl cylinder, as LHl in the undissociated RC LHl complex has the same ring diameter as that for the reconstituted LHl reported by Karrasch et al . ... 

Bhattacharyya R., Floerkemeier C., and Sarma S. 2009. Towards tag antenna based sensing An RFID displacement sensor. 2009 IEEE International Conference on Rf/D 95-102, Orlando, FL. 

In this section, we designed a flexible multiband antenna based on the aforementioned embroidered textiles. The proposed antenna operates at Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM 850/900 MHz), Personal Communications Service (PCS 1800/ 1900 MHz), and Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN 2450 MHz) bands. As demonstrated in Wang et al. (2014), an important aspect of this antenna is the loaded loop. 

Wearable antennas, based on conductive textiles, exploit new flexible and smart structures without affecting the native textile properties (Giddens et al., 2012). To achieve this result, conductive textiles such as Zelt, Flectron and pure copper polyester fabrics are typically used as the radiating elanent, while nonconductive textiles are used as substrates (Rais et al., 2009). The geometry of an antenna developed for body wearable appUcations is shown in Fig. 4.21. 

Fig. 4.22 Three different characterizations (A) resonant frequency, (B) return loss, and (C) impedance bandwidth with different levels of bending radius using a textile antenna based on polyester.

Y. Alaverdyan, B. Seplveda, L. Eurenius, E. Olsson, M. Kail, Optical antennas based on coupled nanoholes in thin metal films. Nat. Phys. 3(12), 884-889 (2007)... 

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