Anomalous metabolism

Procedures have been described for the assay of protein-bound carbohydrate in sera and urine from normal children and from patients with sialuria. It was concluded that sialuria is not associated with an anomalous metabolism of glycoproteins, but with an anomalous biosynthesis of sialic acid. 

Anomalously high Ca concentrations in hair samples (up to 8285 (xgg-1) which correlate with high P concentrations (up to 4720 jxg g-1) from a group of women from Rio de Janeiro were detected by ICP-MS measurements.87 These abnormal hair compositions were related to endocrinological pathologies affecting calcium/bone metabolism. Very low Ca concentrations were observed in older women and were related to senile osteoporosis.87... 

Robinson D, Smith JN, Williams RT. 1951a. Studies in detoxication. 39. Nitro compounds (a) the metabolism of o-, m-, and p-nitrophenols in the rabbit (b) the glucoronides of the mononitrophenols and observations on the anomalous optical rotations of triacetyl p-O-nitrophenylglucuronide and its methyl ester. Biochem J 50 221-227. 

Preliminary evidence for the existence of such an organelle comes from a variety of sources. Treatment of cells with low concentrations of hyaluronidase stimulates anomalous levels of HA synthesis, suggesting that some feedback mechanisms exist that instruct the cells in the status of HA metabolism [102,103]. Treating cells with even higher concentrations of hyaluronidase stimulates levels of expression of the predominant HA receptor, CD44 [104,105]. 

The effects of temperature on biological systems have been discussed in this chapter. Because the properties of vicinal water change abruptly at T, cells exhibit anomalous behavior at For instance, survival and growth curves for a variety of living systems show remarkable changes at one or more of the transition temperatures. Since these changes are profound, one must speculate that vicinal water played a crucial role in cellular evolution. From cell metabolism to body temperature homeostasis, vicinal water continues to play a key role. 

With the recent identification of the anomalous linkages in amylose as a-D-(l 6)-glucosidic inter-chain linkages, the metabolism of starch and glycogen can be adequately considered in terms of the enzymic synthesis and degradation of only two types of n-glucosidic linkage, namely, a-D-(l— 4) and a-n-(l- ). 

Metabolic defects cause disturbances in the metabolism of sphingo-lipids in some diseases (for example, sphingolipidoses, infantile amaurotic idiocy, Tay-Sachs disease, Gaucher s disease, and meta-chromatic leucodystrophy). Klenk reported210 the anomalous accumulation of some gangliosides. 

Crystals from selenium-methionine- and/ or selenium-cysteine-labeled proteins can be studied by multi-wavelength anomalous dispersion (MAD) phasing techniques that can facilitate the solution of an X-ray crystal structure from a single crystal form [11]. However, if in vivo expression systems are used to prepare selenium-labeled proteins, amino acid metabolism and the toxicity of Se-methionine can result in low protein yields and low incorporation rates. 

ADHD that has been reported to be anomalous in terms of n-3 fatty acid metabolism. This was supported by the data showing that SHR did differ from WKY in terms of the dietary effects on brain phospholipids. Thus, the effects of DHA supplementation on the brain depend not only on the relative levels of n-3 and n-6 FA in the diet but also on individual differences in terms of fatty acid metabolism. 

Histochemical, cytochemical, developmental, and biochemical studies indicate that much of the brain cholesterol is localized in the lipid-protein layers of the myelin sheath. As a result, this cholesterol is largely removed from the normal metabolic environment of the brain. Thus, although nervous tissue contains relatively large amounts of lipid, biosynthesis and the mean turnover rate of the typical myelin lipids including cholesterol are quite slow. Nevertheless dynamic metabolism may be found in small pools of, for example, cell or organelle membrane, cytoplasmic lipid, or outer parts of the myelin sheath. Such possibilities may serve to explain some of the various anomalous results reported by many workers studying brain cholesterol metabolism. 

Kanai,R.H., Black,C.C. Biochemical basis for net CO2 assimilation in C4 plants. In Net carbon dioxide assimilation in higher plants. Proc. Soc. Sect. Am. Soc. Plant Physiol. Black, C.C. (ed.), pp. 75-93. Releigh Cotton-Inc. 1972 Kapil, R.N., Pugh,T.D., Newcomb, E.H. Microbodies and anomalous microcylinder in the ultrastructure of plants with Crassulacean Acid Metabolism. Planta 124, 231-244 (1975)... 

Ureteropelvic junction obstruction by a high ureteral insertion or an anomalous renal vessel is the most common cause of hydronephrosis, which occurs in 30% of patients diagnosed during life. Urolithiasis develops in 20% of patients with a horseshoe kidney. Stasis secondary to hydronephrosis, but with metabolic factors are also the reasons (Evans and Resnick 1981). 

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