Animal screening model

Conventional screening models for anticancer agents are geared toward the selection of cytotoxic drugs. The animal screening models predominantly focus... 

Animal Species/Model Selection. Safety evaluation should include the use of relevant species, in which the test article is pharmacologically active due, for example, to the expression of the appropriate receptor molecule. These can be screened with in vitro rector binding assays. Safety evaluation should normally include two appropriate species, if possible and/or feasible. The potential utility of gene knockout and/or transgenic animals in safety assessment is discussed. 

The LI 210 leukemia has historically been the primary tumor cell line used in animal models for initial anticancer activity screening. A retrospective study by Goldin [212] led to the acceptance of L1210 leukemia as fulfilling the initial screening model criterion. 

The concept of schizophrenia as a neurode- velopmental disorder has inspired attempts to create adverse and early postnatal events in, animals to model the psychopathological processes underlying the disorder (109, 110). These neurodevelopmental models include prenatal malnutrition, viral infection and hypoxia, disrupted neurogenesis by X-ray irradiation or neurotoxins in utero, adverse postnatal experiential factors such as maternal deprivation and social isolation, and postnatal brain damage created by hippocampal, neocor-tical, or thalamic lesions (109-111). With the possible exception of maternal deprivation and social isolation, these models have not been sufficiently characterized pharmacologically to be used for antipsychotic drug screening. 

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