Animal glue composition

The type of proteinaceous binder was correctly identified in all model samples. In only one case (S10), the animal glue was additionally identified, although the restorer who prepared these model samples declared that the sample contained only egg binder. It is possible that this sample was contaminated during its preparation or during laboratory treatment. The results indicate that this method does not allow reliable identification of the presence of individual egg yolk and egg white most probably it is caused by the presence of a trace of egg white that is always present in the egg yolk preparations (and vice versa) and can be detected by the highly sensitive PMM method. The identification of individual types of animal glues will never be reliable by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry because of their similar composition the application of ESI (electrospray ionisation)-MS/MS (Section 6.5) could possibly overcome this problem. Only the fish glue, whose peptide... 

The first inventor of Friction Lights (as he called them) was undoubtedly John Walker [1781-1857], of Stockton-on-Tees, who in 1825 compounded a percussion powder of equal parts by weight of potassium chlorate and antimony sulphide such mixture (made into a paste with gum) was afterwards used for the tips of Friction Lights made and sold by him from 7th April, 1827, onwards, as recorded in his Day-Book. The head of the match, on a wooden splint, was pressed in a fold of sand-paper and forcibly drawn out. Such matches, called lucifers and struck on sand-paper, were patented in 1832 by Samuel Jones in London. Wiggers reproduced them with a composition of 2 drachms of chlorate, i scruple of antimony sulphide, drachm of animal glue, and water to make a thin paste. 

Animal glue has been used as an aqueous adhesive and size for thousands of years, and in more recent times has also found acceptance as a protective colloid, flocculant, and adhesive composition. 

Although natural adhesives (animal glue, casein, starch, and rosin) are still used for many applications, a host of new adhesive materials based on synthetic polymers have been developed these include polyurethanes, polysiloxanes (silicones), epoxies, polyimides, acrylics, and rubber materials. Adhesives may be used to join a large variety of materials—metals, ceramics, polymers, composites, skin, and so on—and the choice of which adhesive to use will depend on such factors as (1) the materials to be bonded and their porosities (2) the required adhesive properties (i.e., whether the bond is to be temporary or permanent) (3) maximum/minimum exposme temperatmes and (4) processing conditions. 

Donnelly, J.H., Inorganic cement-epoxy resin composition containing animal glue. USP 3198758. 1965. 

Composition and Properties vary with the source from which the glue is obtained (animal, vegetable). 

The modem era of composites began after the developed of plastics by scientists. Until then, the only source of glues and binders were natural resins derived from plants and animals. In the early 1900s, various plastics like... 

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