Aniline, hydroxylation

Low-protein diets generally decrease monooxygenase activity in rat liver microsomes, and gender and substrate differences may be seen in the effect. For example, aminopy-rine (V-demethylation, hexobarbital hydroxylation, and aniline hydroxylation are all... 

Although in some animals starvation appears to have effects similar to those of protein deficiency, this is not necessarily the case. For example, in the mouse, monooxygenation is decreased but reduction of p-nitrobenzoic acid is unaffected. In male rats, hexobarbital and pentobarbital hydroxylation as well as aminopyrine A-demethylation are decreased, but aniline hydroxylation is increased. All of these activities are stimulated in the female. Water deprivation in gerbils causes an increase in P450 and a concomitant increase in hexobarbital metabolism, which is reflected in a shorter sleeping time. 

B. Testa, Chem.—Biol. Interact., 34, 287 (1981). Structural and Electronic Factors Influencing the Inhibition of Aniline Hydroxylation by Alcohols and Their Binding to Cytochrome P-450. 

D. F. V. Lewis, Chem.-Biol. Interact., 62, 271 (1987). Quantitative Structure—Activity Relationships in a Series of Alcohols Exhibiting Inhibition of Cytochrome P-450 Mediated Aniline Hydroxylation. 

Aniline, hydroxylation of, 150 Anilino-naphthalene sulfonate cytochrome c peroxidase and, 349, 359 transhydrogenase and, 69 Antimycin A... 

HA Barton, MA Marietta. Comparison of aniline hydroxylation by hemoglobin and microsomal P450 using stable isotopes. Toxicol Lett 70 147—153, 1994. 

Testa, B. (1981), Structural and electronic factors influencing the inhibition of aniline hydroxylation by alcohols and their binding to cytochrome P-450. Chem. Biol. Interact. 34, 287-300. 

Ray, S.D. et al.. Differential effects of IH636 grape seed proanthocyanidin extract and a DNA repair modulator 4-aminobenzamide on liver microsomal cytochrome P450 2E1-dependent aniline hydroxylation, A/o/. Cell. Biochem., 218, 27, 2001. 

Among a variety of substrates that und go aromatic hydroxylation are cou-marin. 3,4-benzpyrene, diphoiylhydantoin. naphthalene, benzene, biphenyl, and aniline. In the case of aniline, hydroxylation may occur in ddm the ortho (2-) or the para (4-) position. The relative production of the two metabolites varies markedly with the animal species, strongly favouring the p-isomn in the guinea-pig, rabbit, and rat and the o-isomer in the dog and cat... 

Mieyal, J. J., and Blumer, J. L., 1976, Acceleration of the autooxidation of human oxyhemoglobin by aniline and its relation to hemoglobin-catalyzed aniline hydroxylation, /. Biol. Chem. 251 3442. 

---