Angle tolerance

The SHAKE tolerance for the bond-stretch constraints is the same in both procedures [(s/ ) = 10 ], and the bond-angle tolerance in the angle-constraint approach is obtained from Eq. [119] [(af) 10 ]. The accuracies of the two approaches are comparable for the adopted values of tolerances. SPC/E designates a modified simple point charge model. 

Comparison of Eq. [117] with the angle-constraint convergence condition leads to the following relation between the triangulation bond-stretch tolerance and the corresponding angle tolerance ... 

Assuming a commonly used bond-stretch tolerance factor (sf) = 10 for a molecular model with specific geometrical parameters, Eq. [119] furnishes the angle tolerance factor needed for equal accuracy runs of triangulation and angle-constraint SHAKE. 

There are many aspects to the design of rotation-ally molded parts. This chapter will take a look at the fundamental areas of wall thickness, draft angles, tolerances/shrinkage, and warpage/flatness. 

The interchangeability of joints is ensured by the use of a standard taper of 1 in 10 on the diameter (i.e., a cone of semi-angle 2° 51 45 ) and limited tolerances on the cone semi-angles and the dimensions of the joints. The specifications for joints in Great Britain and the U.S.A. differ. It will accordingly be necessary to treat each separately. 

Because of the complexity of designs and performance characteristics, it is difficult to select the optimum atomizer for a given appHcation. The best approach is to consult and work with atomizer manufacturers. Their technical staffs are familiar with diverse appHcations and can provide valuable assistance. However, they will usually require the foUowing information properties of the Hquid to be atomized, eg, density, viscosity, and surface tension operating conditions, such as flow rate, pressure, and temperature range required mean droplet size and size distribution desired spray pattern spray angle requirement ambient environment flow field velocity requirements dimensional restrictions flow rate tolerance material to be used for atomizer constmction cost and safety considerations. 

The relaxation rates of the individual nuclei can be either measured or estimated by comparison with other related molecules. If a molecule has a very slow-relaxing proton, then it may be convenient not to adjust the delay time with reference to that proton and to tolerate the resulting inaccuracy in its intensity but adjust it according to the average relaxation rates of the other protons. In 2D spectra, where 90 pulses are often used, the delay between pulses is typically adjusted to 3T] or 4Ti (where T] is the spin-lattice relaxation time) to ensure no residual transverse magnetization from the previous pulse that could yield artifact signals. In ID proton NMR spectra, on the other hand, the tip angle 0 is usually kept at 30°-40°. 

Inhaled anticholinergics are well tolerated with the most common adverse effect being dry mouth. Occasional metallic taste has also been reported with ipratropium. Other anticholinergic adverse effects include constipation, tachycardia, blurred vision, and precipitation of narrow-angle glaucoma symptoms. Urinary retention could be a problem, especially for those with concurrent bladder outlet obstruction. 

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