Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors prevention

McFarlane, S. I., Kumar, A., and Sowers, J. R. (2003). Mechanisms by which angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors prevent diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Am. J. Cardiol 91(Suppl.),30H- 7H. 

Major outcomes in high-risk hypertensive patients randomized to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or calcium channel blocker vs. diuretic The Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT). JAMA 2002 288(23) =2981-2997. 

To control risk factors and prevent major adverse cardiac events, statin therapy should be considered in all patients with ischemic heart disease, particularly in those with elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. In the absence of contraindications, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors should be considered in ischemic heart disease patients who also have diabetes melli-tus, left ventricular dysfunction, history of myocardial infarction, or any combination of these. Angiotensin receptor blockers... 

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers have shown efficacy in preventing the clinical progression of renal disease in patients with type 2 DM. Diuretics are frequently necessary due to volume-expanded states and are recommended second-line therapy. 

Angiotensin converting enzymes- inhibitors (ACE-inhibitors) are a group of drugs that are very potent in dilating the blood vessels and through this mechanism lower the blood pressure. Therefore they can also improve heart function in patients with heart failure. In some cases they are also used for preventing renal failure in persons with hypertension and/or diabetes. Paradoxically, this later use of ACE-inhibitors... 

Because the above trials showed a >50% relative reduction in total mortality with ICD therapy, MADIT II used broader entry criteria for primary prevention of SCD, removing the criteria for NSVT and EPS 1,232 patients with a history of MI > 30 days prior and an EF < 30% were randomized to conventional therapy or ICD implantation [10]. Conventional therapy was comparable in both arms and included a high rate of use of beta blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, and statins (over two thirds for all medications in both arms). The trial was stopped early at 20 months because the relative reduction in total mortality... 

Verdecchia P et al Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and calcium channel blockers for coronary heart disease and stroke prevention. Hypertension 2005 46 386. [PMID 16009786]... 

Multicenter European Research Trial with Cilazapril after Angioplasty to Prevent Transluminal Coronary Obstruction and Restenosis (MERCATOR) Study Group. Does the new angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor cilazapril prevent restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty Results of the MERCATOR study a multicenter, randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial, Circulation 1992 86(1) 100-1 10. 

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors have been tested for possible prevention of the restenosis that frequently occurs after coronary dilation. These studies were undertaken based on an experimental... 

Yusuf, S., Sleight, P., Pogue, J., et al. 2000. Effects of an angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor, ramipril, on cardiovascular events in high-risk patients. The Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation Study Investigators. N Engl JMed 342 145-153. 

Borgia MC, Celestini A, Caravella P, Catalano C. Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor administration must be monitored for serum amylase and lipase in order to prevent an acute pancreatitis a case report. Angiology 2001 52(9) 645-7. 

---