Aneurysms pathogenesis

Growing clinical data also points to the importance of IL-8 in atherogenesis. IL-8 has been found in atheromatous lesions from patients with atherosclerotic disease including carotid artery stenosis (103), CAD (118), abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) (103,104,114), and peripheral vascular disease (PVD) (104). Furthermore, studies using plaque explant samples have yielded more direct evidence for IL-8 involvement. Media from cultured AAA tissue induced IL-8-dependent human aortic endothelial cell (HAEC) chemotaxis (122). Homocysteine, implicated as a possible biomarker for CAD, is also capable of inducing IL-8 (123-125) by direct stimulation of endothelial cells (123,124) and monocytes (125). When patients with hyperhomocysteinemia were treated with low-dose folic acid, decreases in homocysteine levels correlated with decreases in IL-8 levels (126). Statins significantly decrease serum levels of IL-6, IL-8, and MCP-1, as well as expression of IL-6, IL-8, and MCP-1 mRNA by peripheral blood monocytes and HUVECs (127). Thus, IL-8 may be an underappreciated factor in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. 

MMPs have been implicated in the pathogenesis of aneurysm formation. Plasma MMP-9 levels have been reported to be elevated in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms (86 12 ng/ml) as compared to patients with symptomatic aortic occlusive disease (26 4 ng/ml) or with healthy volunteers (13 2 ng/ml) (MIO). Patients with multiple aneurysms have... 

Although the pathogenesis and etiology of cerebral aneurysms has been studied extensively, both are... 

Stanley JC, Fry WJ (1974) Pathogenesis and clinical significance of splenic artery aneurysms. Surgery 76 898-909... 

BD is a chronic systemic vascuhtis that can be associated with pulmonary manifestations in up to 10% of patients. Pulmonary aneurysms are the most common form of pulmonary involvement and carry a poor prognosis. Further investigation is needed to better undaatand the pathogenesis of disease and to explore novel treatment options through the conduct of rigorous standardized trials. 

Crompton, M. R., 1964 The pathogenesis of cerebral infarction following the rupture of cerebral berry aneurysms. Brain 87, 491-510. 

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