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Analysis of chemicals used in fibre finishing

Starch is a natural polymer from the group called polysaccharides which has multianhydroglucose units. The chemical formula of starch is (CgHj Oj). Starch has chemically two moieties, an amylose part which consists of anhydroglucopyranose [Pg.96]

Cellulose is another natural polymer belonging to the polysaccharides group. The chemical formula for cellulose is It has a chemical structure very [Pg.97]

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is manufactured from alkali cellulose and sodium chloroacetate. The hydrogen atoms of hydroxyl groups on C2 and C6 are partially substituted with -CH COONa or -CH COOH depending on reaction conditions. The degree of substitution (DS) is usually between 0.2 and 1.5 (0.2 to [Pg.97]

5 carboxymethyl groups (-CH COOH) per anhydroglucose unit). CMC with DS [Pg.97]

When the hydrogen atom of the hydroxyl group on C6 of cellulose is partially substituted with a hydroxyethyl (-CH CH OH) group in a reaction with ethylene oxide under alkaline condition, hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) is produced. So far there are no known testing methods for HEC detection. However, if one wants to distinguish CMC from HEC, an ion tolerance test can be conducted. CMC is anionic and can be precipitated from an aqueous solution with a cationic surfactant. Since HEC is non-ionic, its aqueous solution is compatible with cationic surfactants. Based on the same ionic tolerance principle, a high salt concentration can precipitate CMC, not HEC. [Pg.98]


See other pages where Analysis of chemicals used in fibre finishing is mentioned: [Pg.96]    [Pg.97]    [Pg.99]    [Pg.101]    [Pg.103]    [Pg.105]    [Pg.96]    [Pg.97]    [Pg.99]    [Pg.101]    [Pg.103]    [Pg.105]    [Pg.272]    [Pg.272]    [Pg.539]    [Pg.450]    [Pg.439]    [Pg.143]   


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