Amycolatopsis

ANTTBIOTTCS - GLYCOPEPTIDES (DALBAHEPTIDES)] (Vol 2) Amycolatopsis orientalis ATCC 53550... 

As recently as 1970, only about 30 naturally occurring organohalogen compounds were known. It was simply assumed that chloroform, halogenated phenols, chlorinated aromatic compounds called PCBs, and other such substances found in the environment were industrial pollutants. Now, only a third of a century later, the situation js quite different. More than 5000 organohalogen compounds have been found to occur naturally, and tens of thousands more surely exist. From a simple compound like chloromethane to an extremely complex one like vancomycin, a remarkably diverse range of organohalogen compounds exists in plants, bacteria, and animals. Many even have valuable physiological activity. Vancomycin, for instance, is a powerful antibiotic produced by the bacterium Amycolatopsis orientalis and used clinically to treat methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). 

Overhage, J., Steinbuechel, A. and Priefert, H. (2006) Harnessing eugenol as a substrate for production of aromatic compounds with recombinant strains of Amycolatopsis sp. HR167. Journal of Biotechnology, 125, 369-376. 

Table 8.2 Comparison of the thermal stability of NHase activities of Rhodococcus sp. FZ4 and GF270 to Amycolatopsis sp. NA40 and Rhodococcus rhodochrous J1 ...

Rhodococcus sp. GF270 Amycolatopsis sp. NA40 Rhodococcus rhodochrous Jl ... 

Actinoplanes missouriensis Actinoplanes sp. Dactylosporangium variesporum Nocardia autotrophica Amycolatopsis orientalis Pseudonocardia autotrophica Saccharopolyspora erythrara Saccharopolyspora hirsuta Saccharothrix sp. 

Vanillin Ferulic acid Amycolatopsis, Streptomyces Up to 18 g L" , 50 h, l-lOtyear In situ product recovery by crystallisation at more than 10 g L possible [8, 90, 91]... 

Vancomycin is an antibiotic produced by Streptococcus orientalis and Amycolatopsis orientalis. With the single exception of flavobacterium, it is active only against gram-positive bacteria, particularly staphylococci. Vancomycin is a glycopeptide of molecular weight 1500. It is water soluble and quite stable. 

Zhang, W.W. Jiang, W.H. Zhao, G.P. Yang, Y.L. Chiao, J.S. Expression in Escherichia coli, purification and kinetic analysis of the aspartokinase and aspartate semialdehyde dehydrogenase from the rifamycin SV-producing Amycolatopsis mediterranei U32. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 54, 52-58 (2000)... 

A novel ansamycin, naphthomycin K (1641), was isolated from a Streptomyces strain of the medicinal plant Maytenus hookeri (1616). This compound was cytotoxic (P388 and A-549 cell lines) but inactive against Staphylococcus aureus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. An Amycolatopsis sp. has furnished the ansacarbami-tocins A-F, Al, B1 (1642-1649), which are similar to the ansamitocins (1617). 

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