Amphibious operations smoke

In June 1944 the commanding general, USASOS, recommended to General MacArthur the employment of smoke generator units during the early stages of an amphibious operation for screening supply dumps... 

The naval doctrine on use of smoke in amphibious operations was published in Commander in Chief, U.S. Fleet) Smoke Screens for Amphibious Operations, 8 Nov 44. 

The Changing Mission Smoke in Amphibious and Beachhead Operations... 

The smoke detail on the left flank of Red Beach was led by Lt. Frank J. Thomas, commanding the ist Platoon, aist Company. According to plan, four amphibious tanks carried the men across the beach to the railroad about 150 yards beyond. Fanning out to four positions at 100-yard intervals, the detail began operations within ten minutes of landing. The smoke line was gradually pushed inland to a road 250 yards from the beach. Until this time the smoke troops had not received enemy fire, but now mortar and small arms fire caused one casualty. No casualties were suffered in the heavily mined woods through which the smoke troops passed to reach the road. 

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