Ammonia and Nitrogen Oxides

Ammonia production in the world is presently as large as 110 million tonnes per year. The product is stored as a liquid at a pressure of 100 atm (10.1 MPa) and a temperature of -35.5°C. Ammonia is the base material for the manufacture of nitrogen oxides and various industrial products. Nitrogen oxides have a number of appHca-tions. NjO is used in medicine, as it has anesthetic properties (laughing gas). is used as an oxidizer in rocket fuel. From ammonia, nitric add is manufactured by oxidation with air at about 800°C. Different types of catalysts, e.g. platinum, may be used. NO, formed in the oxidation, is reacted with water to HNOj and NO. The technique is called the Ostwald process. 

Ammonia and nitrates are the main components in artifidal fertiHzers. 

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Air emissions at point of discharge should be monitored continuously for fluorides and particulates and aimually for ammonia and nitrogen oxides. Monitoring data should be analyzed and reviewed at regular intervals and compared with the operating standards so that any necessary corrective actions can be taken. Records of monitoring results should be kept in an acceptable format. The results should be reported to the responsible authorities and relevant parties, as required. 

Nitrogen can react with steam to form ammonia and nitrogen oxide gases. A 20.0-L sample of nitrogen at 173°C and 772 mm Hg is made to react with an excess of steam. The products are collected at room temperature (25°C) into an evacuated flask with a volume of 15.0 L. 

Ammonia and, nitrogen oxides irritate the respiratory tracts, therefore prepare and work with these substances in a fume cupboard ... 

NHS + 3 NOa + NO + Na + 5 HaO, but there were also found present an all amts of NaO and HNO. in the gaseous products of decompn. Some of the above products of decompn (ammonia and nitrogen oxides) interacted with the evoln of heat. This heat might raise the temp of the gases above the molten AN to such an extent that they could explode and cause the explosn of the molten AN in the tube. In order to avoid the danger of expln... 

Melting point (decomposes),C 70 Relative density (water > 1) 1.5 Solubility in water, g/100 ml 5 Relative molecular mass 142.1 Qross formula C2H,N204.Hj0 COLORLESS CRYSTALS Decomposes when heated, giving off corrosive gas (- - ammonia and nitrogen oxides). Attacks many metals. ... 

Other important compounds for MIC are ammonia and nitrogen oxides. The former may result from microbial degradation of amino acids or urea. Furthermore, ammonia (or more precisely ammonia salts) is a major part of airborne gases or dust particles. By dry or wet deposition, these ammonia salts reach the surface of materials, where they become enriched and, thus, biologically available. The degradation of ammonia by nitrifiers has already been described previously. However, ammonia may also react directly with various materials like copper. 

A considerable part of the nitrogen loads of the oceans comes via the atmosphere as wet or dry deposition of ammonia and nitrogen oxides. In the vicinity of highly industrialized and agricultural areas as, e.g., in Central Europe, the atmospheric load can be as much as 45 % of the river discharge with nearly equal amounts of ammonia and oxidized forms of nitrogen (HELCOM, 1996,1997). 

Handling, Storage, and Precautions store in plastic/poly airtight containers, in a cool, dry place, away from acids and oxidizers. Unsuitable for glass or ceramic containers. Stable compound decomposes upon heating to HF, ammonia, and nitrogen oxide (NOjc) gases. Handle with care in well-ventilated area. Irritant to skin and mucus membranes, however, acute and chronic toxicity of this substance is not fully known. 

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