8-aminovalerate

Revelles O, M Espinosa-Urgel, S Molin, JL Ramos (2004) The davDT operon of Pseudomonas putida, involved in lysine catabolism, is induced in response to the pathway intermediate 5-aminovaleric acid. J Bacterial 186 3439-3446. 

Amino-o-toluenesulfonic acid, a206 2-Amino-1,1,3-tricyanopropene, a267 1 -Aminotricyclo[3.3.l3 7]decane, a65 Aminouracil, al53 2-Aminovaleric acid, a248 5-Aminovaleric acid, a249 AMP, a216... 

The dimethylene replacement 4 is used to investigate the influence of rigidity. The use of 5-aminovaleric acid as a Glytj)[CH2—CH2] GIy replacement has been extended to other coamino acids as a means to influence the distance between crucial amino acid residues, and to function as a flexible spacer, replacing parts of the peptide. 

Proline racemase occurs in Clostridium sticklandii, which produces 8-aminovalerate from L-proline. Proline racemase and D-proline reductase are responsible for the conversion L-proline is racemized by proline racemase to form D-proline, which is converted into 5-aminovalerate by D-proline reductase (E.C. 1.4.4.1). 

The oxidation product has been isolated as its 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone and corresponds with -keto-6-aminovaleric acid. Putrescine, arginine, Manske s 1 (+) acetylornithine (118) and other related amino acids are oxidized much less readily if at all. The same authors have extracted an ornithine dehydrogenase from the young roots of Datura tatula. It requires the cooperation of a coenzyme not yet identified, and appears unable to oxidize putrescine and amino acids other than ornithine and to a lesser extent glutamic. Either of these systems, or the two linked into a H-transfer chain, would seem able to catalyze the oxidation of ornithine in the living tissues. No carbon dioxide was released from ornithine by the poly-phenolase system but on addition of an unwashed belladonna tissue-suspension carbon dioxide was liberated, presumably by decarboxylation of the a-keto-5-aminovaleric acid formed by the oxidation. 

Oxo-5-aminovaleric acid A -pyrroline-2-carboxylic acid L-Proline NAD(P)+ 2-oxidoreductase (E.C. 1.5.1.1)... 

The carboxylic acid analogues lacking the a-amino group are not activated by gramicidin S-synthetase. Hydrocinnamic acid, the analogue of phenylalanine, inhibits reaction 1 non-competitively. This compound most likely does not bind to the reaction center of GS 2 (2). Cyclopentane carboxylic acid and isocapronic acid show a very weak inhibition of the L-Pro resp. L-Leu activation. Carboxylic acid analogues of L-Orn (5-aminovaleric acid as well as 4-aminobutyric acid and 6-aminocapronic acid with a shortened or extended chain) do not appreciably affect reaction 4. 

The exogenously administered Bchl precursor, 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), inhibited the Bchl biosynthesis in Erythrobacter sp. OCh 114 (7). This was due to the conversion of ALA to the metabolite, 4-hydroxy-5-aminovaleric acid, which caused the inhibition of porphobilinogen synthase in the porphyrin synthetic pathway (7). In R. sulfidophllus, there was no inhibition, but rather a 1 to 6% increase by the addition of 1 to 10 mM ALA which suggested that the formation of 4-hydroxy-5-aminovaleric acid did not occur. The effect of ALA was quite different among the three species of bacteria used. 

N -a-Methyl-N-Dca-Asp Di-Bzl-ammonium salt -OPic-Z-Asp-OTcp a-T ritio-Di Asp 5-Aminovaleric acid Z-J-Ave Citruflene Boc-Cit Dcha Boc-Cit-OPcp Cysteine... 

The molecular dynamics of metabolites is structure dependent and vitally important for the interactive functions in their potential applications as natural materials. To understand the relationship between molecular structure and dynamics, the molecular motions of four structurally related CO — amino acids (P-alanine, y-aminobutyric acid, 5-aminovaleric acid, and 6-aminocaproic acid) were investigated by measuring their proton spin-lattice relaxation times T and Tip) as a function of temperature (180-440 K). CPMAS NMR and DSC analyses were performed to obtain complementary information by Huang et All of these co - amino acids... 

By Amadori Reaction. — 1-Amino-1-deoxy-D-fnictose derivatives (Amadori compounds) have been prepared by reaction of D-glucose vith a series of aliphatic amino acids (e.g. glycine, P-alanine, y-aminobutyric acid, 5-aminovaleric acid, e-aminocaproic acid and AT-formyl-L-lysine), and characterized by H- and C-n.m.r. and FAB-mass spectrometry and pH-potentiometric titration. The P-pyranose form dominates in aqueous solution. The basicity of the amino-group in these compounds is decreased (by -1.5 of the IKa value) relative to the parent amino acid. The formation of l-)V-butylamino-l-deoxy-4-0-(a-D-glucopyranosyl)-D-fructose by Amadori reaction of maltose and butylamine, and its conversion to the amino-reductone 23 have been reported. ... 

The Y-4-azido-2-nitrophenyl derivatives of glycine (VI), a-alanine (Via), 4-aminobutyric acid (VII), 5-aminovaleric acid (VIII), 6-amino-caproic acid (IX), 11-aminoundecanoic acid (X), and 12-aminodode-canoic acid (XI) were prepared following the procedure as outlined for the preparation of iV-4-azido-2-nitrophenyl-j8-alanine (VI), and the physical characteristics of these derivatives are indicated below. The Rf values given are those obtained on silica-gel plates with n-butanol saturated with water as the solvent. 

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