Aminoethyl methacrylate hydrochloride AEMH

Recently, carboxyl- and amino-functionalized polystyrene latex particles were synthesized by the miniemulsion copolymerization of styrene and acrylic acid or 2-aminoethyl methacrylate hydrochloride (AEMH) [70, 71]. The reaction was started by using an oil-soluble initiator, 2,2 -azobis(2-methylbutyronitrile) (V-59). Two types of surfactant, i.e., ionic negatively charged SDS or positively charged CTMA-Cl, and nonionic Lutensol AT50 (which is a PEO hexadecyl ether with an EO block length of about 50 units) were used to stabilize the initial droplets and final particles. 

Carboxy- and amino-functionaUzed polystyrene nanoparticles have been synthesized by the miniemulsion process using styrene and the functional monomers acrylic acid (AA) or 2-aminoethyl methacrylate hydrochloride (AEMH) as functional comonomers [30,31]. By changing the amount of the comonomer, different surface densities of the charged groups could be realized. Since a fluorescent dye was incorporated inside the nanoparticles, the uptake behavior of different cell Unes could be determined as a function of the surface functionalization [30,31]. It was found that, in general, the uptake of the nanoparticles into the cells increases with increasing functionality on the particle s surface. For HeLa cells, for example, the internalized particle amount was up to sixfold better for carboxy-functionaUzed polystyrene (PS) nanoparticles than for non-functionalized PS particles. For amino functionalized PS nanoparticles, an up to 50-fold enhanced uptake could be detected. In order to investigate the actual uptake pathway into HeLa cells, positively... 

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