Amino trimethylene phosphonic

Wu et al. [106] prepared hybrid direct methanol fuel cell membranes by embedding organophosphorylated titania submicrospheres (OPTi) into a CS polymer matrix. The pristine monodispersed titania submicrospheres of controllable particle size are synthesized through a modified sol-gel method and then phosphorylated by amino trimethylene phosphonic acid (ATMP) via chemical adsorption. Compared to pure CS membrane, the hybrid membranes exhibit increased proton conductivity to an acceptable level of 0.01 S/cm for DMFC application and a reduced methanol permeability of 5 xlO cm /s at a 2 M methanol feed. 

Epoxy resin/PANI—amino trimethylene phosphonic add Charge transfer resistance values increased with time [68]... 

Phosphonic acid-based chemicals are known to form complexes with many inorganic species, and the action of many retarders is based on complex formation. Several phosphonic acids such as amino trimethylene phosphonic acid (ATMP), 1-hydroxyethylidene-l, 1-diphosphonic acid... 

A phosphonate-based admixture, ATMP (amino trimethylene phosphonic acid) in amounts of 0.03-0.05%, was added to C3S and C3A at a w/s ratio of 1.0 and the heat, developed with time, was followed by conduction calorimetry.Phosphonic acid affects the hydration of C3S (Fig. 14). The reference C3S produced a maximum exothermic peak with a heat equivalent to 5.32 cals/g/h at 8.5 hours. Addition of phosphonic acid reduced the amplitude of the peak, delayed the occurrence of the peak, and also modified the appearance of the peak. About 1.79 cals/g /h of heat was developed at 11.5 hours with the addition of 0.03% phosphonic acid, and, at a dosage of 0.04%, an exothermal peak occurred at 31 hours with a heat production of 1.41 cals/g/h. At 0.05% addition, there was practically no heat produced even up to 72 hrs. 

As reported, the thermal decomposition behaviour of amino trimethylene phosphonic acid (ATMP) and l-hydro)yethylidene-l,l-diphosphonic acid (HEDP) have been studied and a comparison of the experimental results from thermal decomposition by TGA-FTIR and pyrolysis GC-MS, together with modelling of the formation reactions, showed the usefulness of the latter method in predicting the possible decomposition products. Thus, pyrolysis GC-MS was used to determine the gaseous decomposition products of ATMP and HEDP at temperatures corresponding to the main decomposition steps detected by TGA-FTIR spectroscopy and, from a comparison of the experimental results with theoretical modelling, it was established that the decomposition process should follow the formation mechanism, i.e. the thermal decomposition can be understood as the reverse reaction of phosphonic acids. 

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