Ambient sensors

A.D Amico and G. Fortunato, Ambient Sensors Hiroshi Kukimoto, Amorphous Light-Emitting Devices Robert J. Phelan, Jr., Fast Detectors and Modulators Jacques I. Pankove, Hybrid Structures... 

For the calibration of most infrared ear thermometers the sensitivities S0 and R0 and the temperature coefficients Sj and a for both sensors have to be determined. Typically a two-step calibration is performed. In the first step the ambient sensor is calibrated by immersing it into two different temperature controlled baths. In the second step the thermopile sensor is calibrated by measuring the output signal while placing it before two different blackbody radiation sources. 

P. G. LeComber and W. E. Spear, The Development of the a-Si H Field-Effect Transistor and Its Possible Applications D. G. Ast, a-Si H FET-Addressed LCD Panel S. Kaneko, Solid-State Image Sensor M. Matsumura, Charge-Coupled Devices M. A. Bosch, Optical Recording A. D Amico and G. Fortmato, Ambient Sensors H. Kukimoto, Amorphous Light-Emitting Devices R. J. Phelan, Jr., Fast Detectors and Modulators J. I. Pankove, Hybrid Structures... 

Baether, W. Zimmermann, S. Gunzer, E, Pulsed ion mobihty spectrometer for the detection of toluene 2,4-dusocyanate (TDI) in ambient. Sensors J. IEEE 2012,12,1748-1754. 

Biokinetic sensors measure acceleration and angular rate of rotation derived from human movement. For certain kinetic movement detection, sensors are based on strain gauges, accelerometers, and global positioning system (GPS). Ambient sensors measure environmental phenomena, such as humidity, light, sound pressure level, and temperature. 

Incorporation of further ambient signals (Fig. 9.25b) in addition to the biological ones leads to another control scheme of adaptronic systems. Signals from technical and biological sensors and actuators are combined in a single system to handle complex tasks, e. g. in a sensorized prosthesis where the ambient sensor is placed outside the body. 

Fig. 3.6 Principle layout of installation of an SCR system in a mobile application. (1) Engine (2) Exhaust pipe carrying the exhaust from the engine (5) Urea injection point in exhaust pipe (4) Urea mixing zone (5) Silencer containing the (6) SCR catalyst elements (7) Exhaust outlet (8) AdBlue (urea) tank (9) Urea pump/injector (70) Sensors for measuring exhaust conditions upstream the SCR catalyst (11) Sensors for measuring exhaust conditions downstream the SCR catalyst (12) Sensors for measuring conditions inside the urea tank (13) Ambient sensors (14) Engine model/Engine ECU (15) SCR model/SCR control unit...

Jung, S. J., Kwon, T. H., Chung, W. Y. (2009). A new approach to design ambient sensor network for real time healthcare monitoring system. [IEEE Press.]. Proceedings of IEEE Sensors, 2009, 576-580. 

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