Aluminum trichloride hydrolysis

A common reaction for the deposition of alumina is the hydrolysis of aluminum trichloride ... 

Synthetic routes that access appropriately substituted thienobenzazepines are also quite important for medicinal chemistry stracture activity relationship studies, and many involve similar bond connectivity strategies. One notable example employs the use of conunercially available 4-methyl-3-nitrophenol (Scheme 6.3). Methylation of the phenol followed by bromination, hydrolysis, and oxidation of the benzylic alcohol afforded aldehyde 9 in quantitative yield. Treatment of this aldehyde with 5-lithio-2-methylthiophene provided, after dehydroxylation, nitro intermediate A in good overall yield. Reduction of the nitro functionality and treatment with phosgene presented the corresponding isocyanide which upon cychzation using aluminum trichloride in a Friedel-Crafts fashion afforded the... 

Similar are the behaviors of aluminum trichloride, zirconium chloride and many other chlorides. There are, however, chlorides like sodium chloride, which do not undergo hydrolysis readily. Only at 600 to 900 °C does the reaction... 

Probably because of its conjugation with the cyclobutene moiety, the DPMA group in the protected amino acids 109 demonstrated an increased stability towards hydrolysis. Nevertheless, deprotection was achieved under acidic conditions [oxalic acid/water in methanol/ether or aluminum trichloride/water (1 2... 

The acetylation of carbazole by acetic anhydride in the presence of boron trifluoride produces the 9-acetyl derivative. Further acetylation requires more vigorous conditions, using aluminum trichloride as a catalyst, and yields 2,9-diacetylcarbazole, which, upon base-catalyzed hydrolysis, produces 2-acetylcarbazole (80T3017). Acetylation of 1-phenyl-isoindole under mild conditions in the presence of pyridine yields l-acetyl-3-phenylisoin-dole, whereas the presence of an ester group at the 1-position deactivates the ring sufficiently to prevent acylation (81AHC(29)34l). 

Hydrogenation of 2-isoxazolines over Raney nickel as catalyst and in the presence of acids often leads first to 1,3-hydroxyimines, and then, through hydrolysis, to 1,3-hydroxycarbonyl compounds. In some cases the stereochemical integrity of the starting material is maintained, but in others hydrolysis of the intermediate imines may cause scrambling of stereochemistry at the a-carbon atom. Rapid protonation of the imine function minimizes this possibility and the use of Lewis acids, such as boron trichloride or aluminum trichloride which release hydrochloric acid on contact with moist methanol, is frequently recommended. Boric acid serves a similar purpose and is effective in, for example, the stereocontrolled reductive ring opening of the 2-isoxazoline (135) en route to crispatic acid (136 Scheme 6). ... 

Comapred to the numerous options for silica, there are relatively few precursors available for the deposition of high quality alumina. The most common precursor is aluminum trichloride (AICI3), which undergoes hydrolysis above 1050 C by the reac-tion ... 

Trichlorocyclopropenylium tetrachloroaluminate, prepared from tetrachlorocyclopropene and aluminum trichloride in situ, reacted with two equivalents of a variety of aromatic compounds. Hydrolysis of the product produced symmetrically disubstituted cyclopropenones 2. 

The l-(trimethylsilyl)methylphosphonic dichloride is prepared in large scale, but in modest yield (31%), by reaction among (chlorometliyl)trimethylsilane, phosphorus trichloride, and aluminum trichloride followed by hydrolysis with a limited amount of water. Although this procedure gives moderate yields, the large number of phosphonic diesters subsequently prepared in fair to good yields (40-71%) by alcoholysis of l-(trimethylsilyl)methylphosphonic dichloride is compensatory (Scheme 2.3). 5 ... 

The reaction of zirconium tetrachloride and hexamethylbenzene in the presence of aluminum and aluminum trichloride at 120°C produces a melt, which upon hydrolysis with water in the presence of methylene chloride, yields an organic-soluble species of composition [Zr3(C6(CH3)8-Cle]Cl. The brown product has a magnetic moment at 303°K of 2.04 B.M. Conductivity measurements have been interpreted in terms of the trinuclear cluster cation. It decomposes in nitrogen at 20°-30°C and is rapidly oxidized by oxygen 179). 

Scheme 9.137. A representation of the Friedel-Crafts acylation of benzene (CeHe) by butane-1,4-dioic anhydride (succinic anhydride) in the presence of an aluminum trichloride (AICI3) catalyst. Generation of the 4-phenyl-4-oxobutanoic acid and hydrolysis of the catalyst are shown as the last step.

H-NMR (200.13 MHz with a sweep width of 3600 Hz) and C-NMR (50.33 MHz with a sweep width of 13.5 kHz) spectroscopy were used to study the microstructiu e of fiunarate-based polyesters for use in bioresorbable bone cement composites and the impact of their microstructure on the physical properties as well as hydrolysis of the cements [145]. Poly(propylene fumarate)s (PPF) were synthesized by the transesterification polycondensation of diethyl fumarate (DEE) with different diols ( )-l,2-propanediol (PD), (S)-(+)-l,2-propanediol, 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, and 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol in the presence of p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate (PTSA) or metal-containing catalysts zinc chloride, aluminum trichloride, ti-... 

A variety of processes is available for preparation of phosphine (N.B. very poisonous and flammable) hydrolysis of calcium phosphide7 or aluminum phosphide8 (best if suspended in an inert solvent9,10), white phosphorus,7 a mixture of phosphorus and diphosphorus tetra-iodide,11 or phosphonium iodide 7 thermal disproportionation of phosphorus acid 3,5 or reduction of phosphorus trichloride by lithium tetrahydroaluminate.5... 

Organoaluminum compounds also undergo insertion reaction with isocyanates. For example, aluminum trialkyls react with alkyl and aryl isocyanates to give carboxylic acid amides after hydrolysis . Alkyl aluminum chlorides react similarly . Aluminium trichloride also forms insertion products with isocyanates Diethylaluminum ethyl thiolate or dimethylamide react with equimolar amounts of alkyl or aryl isocyanates to give the expected insertion products 274. ... 

Direct boronation of benzene derivatives with BCI3 in the presence of activated aluminum or AICI3 provides arylboronic acids after hydrolysis (eq 12). Chloroboration of acetylene with boron trichloride produces dichloro(2-chloroethenyl)borane. Similar reaction with phenylacetylene provides ( )-2-ehlorO 2-phenylethenylborane regio- and stereoselectively. ... 

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