Aluminum tri-sec-butoxide

In this paper, we report the synthesis of mesoporous silica and alumina spheres with nanometer size (80 to 900 nm) in the present of organic solvent with aqueous ammonia as the morphological catalyst to control the hydrolysis of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and aluminum tri-sec-butoxide.1181 Mesoporous silica spheres show hexagonal arranged pores with monodispersed pore sizes ( 2.4 nm) and high surface areas ( 1020 m2/g) similar to MCM-41. A large pore ( 10 nm) mesoporous alumina sphere templated by triblock copolymer is thermally stable. Calcined alumina sphere shows disordered mesoporous arrays with relatively uniformed pore size distribution and high surface areas ( 360 m2/g). 

Mesoporous alumina sphere was synthesized under the catalyst of hydrochloride or ammonia in organic solvents. In a typical synthesis, 1.1 g [poly(ethylene oxide)-6-poly(propylene oxide)-6-poly(ethylene oxide) triblock copolymer (Aldrich, average molecular weight 5800, EO20PO70EO20)] was dissovled in 11.0 g (0.268 mol) acetonitrile and 1.10 g (61.1 mmol) water containing 0.1 mmol HC1 or 5 mmol NH3, the solution of 3.0 g (12.2 mmol) aluminum tri-sec-butoxide dissovled in 10 g (0.24 mol) acetonitrile was slowly dropped into with stirring. After stirring for 6 h, the product was filtered and washed with acetonitrile and dried at room temperature in air. The obtained products were calcined in air at 550 °C for 4 h to remove the templates. 

Abstract—The effects of metal alkoxide type and relative humidity on the durability of alkoxide-primed, adhesively bonded steel wedge crack specimens have been determined. Aluminum tri-sec-butoxide, aluminum tri-tert-butoxide, tetrabutyl orthosilicate, and titanium(IV) butoxide were used as alkoxide primers. Grit-blasted, acetone-rinsed mild steel adherends were the substrates bonded with epoxy and polyethersulfone. The two aluminum alkoxides significantly enhanced the durability of the adhesively bonded steel, while the titanium alkoxide showed no improvement in durability over a nonprimed control. The silicon alkoxide-primed samples gave an intermediate response. The failure plane in the adhesively bonded samples varied with the relative humidity during the priming process. 

For an Al-Si-TUD-1, the aluminum source can be aluminum isopropoxide, aluminum tri-sec-butoxide, or another organoalumina species that forms a monomeric A1 as an intermediate component. 

Abbreviations. AITSB, aluminum tri-sec butoxide TTIP, titanium tetraisopropoxide TTE, titanium tetraethoxide EtjO, diethyl ether MgChe, magnesium chelate MgAc, magnesium acetate aq.surf, aqueous solution of surfactant. 

Pd/AbOs catalyst is prepared by sol-gel method from a precursor solution of palladium acetylacetonate, aluminum tri-sec butoxide and sec-butanol. A required amount of acetic acid is added for the alkoxide hyrolysis and condensation. The obtained gel is then dried overnight at 70°C, calcined in flowing oxygen (1.8 1/h) at 700°C for 2h and reduced in flowing hydrogen ( 1.2 1/h) at 500°C for Ih. 

In another report, silica pillars with Si" substituted by AP, Ti" +, and Zr + were prepared between the silicate layers of octosilicate by intercalation of octylamine into the H form before mixtures of TEOS and aluminum-tri-sec-butoxide (or tetraethyl orthotitanate and zirconium butoxide) were added [202,203]. 

The synthesis process started with slow addition of a total of 520 ml of aluminum tri-sec-butoxide (ALTSB) in 1000 ml distilled water which was well stirred and controlled at 80°C. Large irregularly-shaped clusters started to appear, and gradually precipitated in the flask during the hydrolysis and condensation process when the amount of ALTSB added exceeded 400 ml (equivalent to about 1.56 M). The slurry was then dispersed with addition of 140 ml of 1 M HNOs (that gave the H+/AB+ ratio of 0.07) and/or dilution with about 200 ml deionized water. Continuous addition of 520 ml of ALTSB in water took about 5 hours. After that, the ALTSB/water mixture was vigorously stirred for half an hour and refluxed overnight at 90-100°C. 

The supports and the metalhc supported oxides were prepared using the procedure described by Lebihan et al. (1994) [6]. Firstly, aluminum tri-sec-butoxide (ATSB, Aldrich 97%) or zirconium propoxide (PZr, Aldrich 70%) and 2-butanol (Aldrich, > 99%) were mixed at 85°C under stirring for 30 min. Then, an appropriate amount of 1,3-butanediol (Aldrich, 99+%) was added to the solution and left under stirring for 1 h. Subsequently, the hydrolysis step was done by mixing deionized water and maintaining... 

Composites were prepared from four metal alkoxides (Scheme 1) and the etheric phos-phazene polymer MEEP. The four types of composites are referred to throughout the report as MEEP/Si, MEEP/tetraethoxysilane MEEP/Ti, MEEP/tetraisopropoxy-orfliotitanate MEEP/Zr, MEEP/zirconium n-butoxide.butanol complex MEEP/Al, MEEP/aluminum tri-sec-butoxide. 

---