Alum, calcination

Ammonium acetates, 2 711-712 Ammonium alum calcination, 2 395 neutralization, 2 430 Ammonium benzoate, 3 634 Ammonium bicarbonate, 2 712-713 Ammonium bifluoride, 2 717-718 Ammonium bisulfate formation, 10 98 Ammonium bromide, 2 714... 

ALUMDJUMCOMPOUNDS - ALUMINIUMOXIDE(ALUMINA) - CALCINED, TABULAR, AND ALUMINATE CETffiNTS] (Vol 2) Potassium aluminum alum [7784-24-9]... 

The large majority of activated alumina products are derived from activation of aluminum hydroxide, rehydrated alumina, or pseudoboehmite gel. Other commerical methods to produce specialty activated aluminas are roasting of aluminum chloride [7446-70-0], AIQ calcination of precursors such as ammonium alum [7784-25-0], AlH2NOgS2. Processing is tailored to optimize one or more of the product properties such as surface area, purity, pore size distribution, particle size, shape, or strength. 

Aloton Also called Buchner. A process proposed for extracting aluminum from clay. Calcined clay is leached with ammonium hydrogen sulfate solution under pressure, and ammonium alum is crystallized from the liquor. Invented by M. Buchner in Hanover-Kleefeld in 1921 piloted in Germany in the 1920s and in Oregon in 1944. It was never commercialized, but provided the basis for the Nuvalon process which was. 

Father Athanasius Kircher said that the phosphorus was made by pulverizing the Bologna stone, mixing it with white of egg or linseed oil, and calcining it in a special furnace. He found specimens in the alum mines at Tolfa (59). Biographical sketches of Father Kircher were published in The Hormone in 1934. (109) and in the Journal of Chemical Education in 1955 (139). 

Marggraf noticed that, when he dissolved the earth from alum in nitric acid, evaporated the solution, and calcined the residue, he merely regenerated the earth but obtained no Balduin s phosphorus (calcium nitrate). He realized, therefore, that the earth in alum must be different from that in chalk or limestone. He also demonstrated the presence of alumina in clay and in roofing slate (74). 

Cobalt Blue consists essentially of oxides of cobalt and aluminium with more or less zinc oxide. It is obtained by calcining a mixture of alum and cobalt sulphate, and is used by artists in painting porcelain. Save for this it has now no commercial value.13 Cobalt blue is also known as Cobalt Ultramarine, Thenard s Blue, and King s Blue. 

Aloton Also called Buchner. A process proposed for extracting aluminum from clay. Calcined clay is leached with ammonium hydrogen sulfate solution under pressure, and ammonium alum is... 

KA13(S04)2(0H)6. Based on an invention made by G.S. Tilley in 1924. The ore is first dehydrated at up to 600°C. It is then leached with a solution of sulfuric acid and potassium sulfate. After clarification of the leachate, potassium alum is crystallized out. Hydrothermal treatment of potassium alum precipitates a basic potassium alum, K2S04-3A1203 4S03-9H20, simultaneously regenerating potassium sulfate and sulfuric acid. Calcination of this potassium alum yields a mixture of alumina and potassium sulfate, which is leached out. Piloted by Kalunite in Salt Lake City, UT, in 1943 but later abandoned. See also Alumet. 

Everything which you would elevate and alter you must reduce to Salt and Alum, and this is the secret of preparing the Calcined Salt. 

The most common technique used to prepare the /i-type (i.e., or / ") alumina is to mechanically blend the component oxides or precursor compounds in powder form prior to a calcination or prereaction step at temperatures between 1000 and 1260°CT Commercially available aluminum oxide powders (0.3-0.5 pm average crystallite size) in the alpha (corundum) polymorph are typically usedT They are derived from three common sources decomposition of gibbsite [Al(OH)3], which is precipitated from soda liquors in the Bayer process preparation and decomposition of alum salts and preparation from aluminum chloride precursors NaaCOs is usually the source of Na20. Sources of Li20 have included Li2C03, LiNOs, and Li2C204- MgO is usually added as the commercially available oxide. 

Take 4 ounces calcined alum, 4 ounces calcined saltpeter, and 2 ounces calcined sublimate, and sublimate [refine] in a proper subliming vessel. 

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