Alkalinity Liquid with Phosphate

Laundry Deterqents-Commercial Regular Quality Built Laundry Liquids (a) Lower Alkalinity Liquid With Phosphate 

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Laundry Deteraents-Commercial Regular Quality Built Laundry Liquids—(a I Highly Alkaline Liquids With Phosphate... 

Studies of the soil removal properties of polyoxyethylenated straight-chain primary alcohols on cotton and Dacron-cotton permapress fabric indicate that this detergency maximum with change in the number of oxyethylene units in the POE chain is also shown on these fabrics. In liquid no-phosphate formulations built only with diethanolamine to provide an alkaline pH, optimum removal of both sebum and clay soils from Dacron-cotton permapress at 49°C in 150 ppm hard water occurs with about 5, 9, and 10 oxyethylene units for POE C9-11, C12-15, and C16-18 alcohol mixtures, respectively. For removal of the same soils from cotton at the same temperature, the optimum POE chain lengths are about two oxyethylene units larger (Albin, 1973). 

One gram of 6,7-dihydro-5H-dibenz[c,e] azepine hydrochloride was dissolved in water, made alkaline with concentrated ammonia, and the resultant base extracted twice with benzene. The benzene layers were combined, dried with anhydrous potassium carbonate, and mixed with 0.261 g of allyl bromide at 25°-30°C. The reaction solution became turbid within a few minutes and showed a considerable crystalline deposit after standing 3 A days. The mixture was warmed VA hours on the steam bath in a loosely-stoppered flask, then cooled and filtered. The filtrate was washed twice with water and the benzene layer evaporated at diminished pressure. The liquid residue was dissolved in alcohol, shaken with charcoal and filtered. Addition to the filtrate of 0.3 gram of 85% phosphoric acid in alcohol gave a clear solution which, when seeded and rubbed, yielded 6-allyl-6,7-dihydro-5H-dlbenz[c,e] azepine phosphate, MP about 211°-215°C with decomposition. 

This mode of electrophoresis, in which the electrolyte migrates through the capillary, is the most widely used. The electrolyte can be an acidic buffer (phosphate, citrate, etc.) or basic buffer (borate) or an amphoteric substance (a molecule that possesses both an acidic and an alkaline function). The electro-osmotic flow increases with the pH of the liquid phase, or can be rendered non-existent. 

Alkalies. — The solution of 2 gm. of ammonium phosphate in 100 cc. of water is treated with lead acetate solution in slight excess to precipitate the phosphoric acid, and is then filtered. The excess of lead in the filtrate is then precipitated with hydrogen sulphide, the liquid filtered, the filtrate evaporated to dryness, and the residue ignited. The residue should not be soluble in water, nor should it have an alkaline reaction. 

In this way, the iron hydroxide and the phosphates of the alkaline earths remain undissolved, whilst the alumina passes into solution. After standing for some time on a water-bath, the liquid is filtered into a platinum or porcelain dish and the residue washed with hot water. The filtrate is boiled for 2-3 minutes with excess of ammonium chloride, the aluminium being thus precipitated as hydroxide, which is collected in a filter supported by means of a small platinum cone in the funnel and washed with hot water containing a little ammonium chloride and ammonia, slight suction being applied at the end of the washing. 

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