Aldolases deoxyribose-phosphate aldolase

Lyases decarboxylase, dehydratase, deoxyribose-phosphate aldolase nonhydrolytic bond cleavage... 

Deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate aldolase, which facilitates the reaction of pyruvate with D-arabinose to form 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate, an important component of bacterial cell walls. (5) 2-Oxo-4-hydroxyglutar-ate aldolase, which converts 2-oxo-4-hydroxyglutarate to pyruvate and glyoxylate. (6) Deoxyribose-phosphate aldolase, which converts 2-deoxy-D-ribose 5-phosphate... 

This reaction was recognized as a potential intracellular source of deoxyribose 1-phosphate because the mutase-catalyzed interconversion of 1-and 5-phosphate esters of deoxyribose was known. Boxer and Shonk (25) showed that extracts of rat liver formed deoxyribose phosphate when incubated with hexose diphosphate and threonine it was evident that the threonine aldolase activity of the extracts provided acetaldehyde for the in vitro synthesis of deoxyribose phosphate and it was postulated that this might also occur in vivo ... 

Aldehyde 2-Hydroxy aldehyde Synthesis of 3,4-dihydroxy aldehydes Deoxyribose phosphate aldolase... 

Aldolases are typically classified by enol(ate) donor, and four basic types are currently known. Pyruvate decarboxylase and deoxyribose phosphate aldolase generate one stereocenter (Figure 1.18). 

Aldolases catalyze asymmetric aldol reactions via either Schiff base formation (type I aldolase) or activation by Zn2+ (type II aldolase) (Figure 1.16). The most common natural donors of aldoalses are dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP), pyruvate/phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), acetaldehyde and glycine (Figure 1.17) [71], When acetaldehyde is used as the donor, 2-deoxyribose-5-phosphate aldolases (DERAs) are able to catalyze a sequential aldol reaction to form 2,4-didexoyhexoses [72,73]. Aldolases have been used to synthesize a variety of carbohydrates and derivatives, such as azasugars, cyclitols and densely functionalized chiral linear or cyclic molecules [74,75]. 

Wong, C.-H. and Greenberg, W.A. (2007) Asymmetric synthesis using deoxyribose-5-phosphate aldolase. 

The cholesterol-lowering drug atorvastatin, marketed as Lipitor, is an example where biocatalysis research has been applied extensively and is in industrial use. The enzyme 2-deoxyribose-5-phosphate aldolase (DERA) has been a target of directed evolution for the production of atorvastatin intermediates [8,9,71]. DeSantis and coworkers [8,9] used structure-based... 

DeSantis, G., Liu, J., Clark, D.R et al. (2003) Structure-based mutagenesis approaches toward expanding the substrate specificity of D-2-deoxyribose-5-phosphate aldolase. Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry, 11, 43-52. 

Figure 14.12 Asymmetric tandem aldol reaction using 2-deoxyribose-5-phosphate aldolase (DERA) and its application for production of Atorvastatin...

Gijsen, H.J.M. and Wong, C.-H. (1994) Unprecedented asymmetric aldol reactions with three aldehyde substrates catalyzed by 2-deoxyribose-5-phosphate aldolase. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 116 (18), 8422-8423. 

DEOXYRIBONUCLEASES 2 -Deoxyribonucleoside diphosphate, RIBONUCLEOTIDE REDUCTASE 2-DEOXYRIBOSE-5-PHOSPHATE ALDOLASE DEOXYTHYMIDINE KINASE DEP,... 

DHAP-dependent aldolases Pyruvate dependent aldolases Deoxyribose 5 -phosphate aldolase —h... 

In contrast to transketolase and the DHAP-dependent aldolases, deoxyribose aldolase (DERA) catalyzes the aldol reaction with the simple aldehyde, acetaldehyde. In vivo it catalyzes the formation of 2-deoxyribose-5-phosphate, the building block of DNA, from acetaldehyde and D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, but in vitro it can catalyze the aldol reaction of acetaldehyde with other non-phosphorylated aldehydes. The example shown in Scheme 6.28 involves a tandem aldol reaction... 

Concerning aldolases, the cloning of enzymes is becoming more and more common. Thus the bacterial fuculose-1-phosphate aldolase (EC 4.1.2.17) and 2-deoxyribose-5-phosphate aldolase (EC 4.1.2.4) have been recently overexpressed in E. coli and their synthetic use has been examined.115,116... 

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