Alcohol From nitro

Scheme 64 Homoallylic alcohols from nitro-olefins...

Azoxy compounds can be obtained from nitro compounds with certain reducing agents, notably sodium arsenite, sodium ethoxide, NaTeH, NaBH4—PhTeTePh, and glucose. The most probable mechanism with most reagents is that one molecule of nitro compound is reduced to a nitroso compound and another to a hydroxylamine 119-42), and these combine (12-51). The combination step is rapid compared to the reduction process. Nitroso compounds can be reduced to azoxy compounds with triethyl phosphite or triphenylphosphine or with an alkaline aqueous solution of an alcohol. ... 

Unfortunately, only two attempts were made to use this approach in the synthesis of five-membered cyclic nitronates (5), and only one of them could be considered as successful. In the latter case, isomeric nitrocyclopropane was obtained as the major product. Only a-functionalized nitro alcohols are readily involved in the Mitsunobu cyclization. However, the possibility of isomerization of by-products, nitrocyclopropanes, which was mentioned in the discussion of Scheme 3.16, caused the revision of this process as a procedure for the synthesis of five-membered cyclic nitronates. (A new approach to the synthesis of initial y-nitro alcohols from readily available AN was documented in Reference 64)... 

Boiler water treatment, 26 131-135 alkanolamines from nitro alcohols,... 

Functional chemicals, 20 712 Functional dyes, anthraquinone, 9 338-341 Functional failures, 15 476 Functional fluids, alkanolamines from nitro alcohols, 2 119... 

Water treatment, 26 102-152. See also Aeration water treatment, Industrial water treatment ABS manufacture, 7 421-422 activated carbon application, 4 752 aerators, 26 158-170 alkanolamines from nitro alcohols, 2 120 coagulation and flocculation in,... 

Alcohols, Nitrated, Preparation from nitro-paraffins by condensation with aldehydes in the presence of an alkaline catalysts is discussed by H.A.Aaronson in PATR 1125 (1941)... 

ALKANOLAMNES - ALKAN OLAMINES FROM NITRO ALCOHOLS] (Vol 2)... 

Reaction of benzylidene triphenylarsorane with aromatic aldehydes in alcohol afforded either arsine oxide and olefin or arsine and oxirane (97). Thus, from nitro- (58, 59, 97) or cyanobenzylidene derivatives (97) and aromatic aldehydes, trans-substituted oxiranes were obtained in 50-90% yield (97). Similarly, methylene triphenylarsorane reacted with benzal-dehyde in alcoholic solution to give triphenylarsine and phenyloxirane (49) in 87% yield (97). 

The Kp values for the reactions of hydrogen transfer between primary and secondary alcohols and nitro compounds were calculated using Van Krevelen and Chermin procedure (ref. 4). Similarly as the simple reduction with hydrogen the catalytic hydrogen transfer from alcohols to nitro derivatives is strongly favored thermodynamically. For all studied reactions with primary alcohols the K... 

The first two of these names are scientifically correct. The third is not correct but is used widely. The trihydric alcohol from which the nitric ester is derived is not an isobutylglycerin. In the abbreviated form of this name, the syllable, nib, stands for nitro-iso-butyl and is to be pronounced, not spelled out like TNT and PETN. 

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