Alcohol emergency care

StremskI E, Hennes H Accidental Isopropanol Ingestion In ohildren. Pediatr Emerg Care 2000 16(4) 238-240. [PMID 10966340] (Retrospective review of 91 children who presented to an emergency department after Isopropyl alcohol Ingestion. Toxicity was noted In 26 children, and Included spontaneous emesis In 24, ataxia In 5, altered mental status In 3, and apnea In one child. Toxicity developed within 0.5-2 hours after Ihgestloh, ahd was more likely If more than 1 ounce was Ingested.)... 

A 17-year-old girl, who was unresponsive after several episodes of vomiting, was taken to an emergency room 2-1/2 hours after ingesting a mixture of GHB and alcohol. She was admitted to the hospital s intensive-care unit. There, the doctors attending to her discovered that she had aspirated (or inhaled) the contents of... 

Several commercial evidential breath alcohol measurement devices are available. The principle of measurement is either infrared absorption spectrometry (most common), dichromate-sulfuric acid oxidation-reduction (photometric), GC (flame ionization or thermal conductivity detection), electrochemical oxidation (fuel cell), or metal-oxide semiconductor sensors. A list has been published of DOT-approved breath alcohol devices.Some of these devices are approved for screening only. In this case, the second or confirmatory breath alcohol determination must be performed with an approved evidential breath alcohol analyzer. Breath alcohol devices may also be used for the medical evaluation of patients at the point of care (e.g., emergency department). A Fourier transform infrared point-of-care breath analyzer capable of measurement of... 

C. Alcohol tests. These arc sometimes u.sed to assess fitness to drive. In clinical practice alcohol measurements need to be carefully interpreted. In the Accident and Emergency setting, extreme caution must be taken before one can fully ascribe eonfusitm in a patient with head injury to the effects of alcohol. a common complical ing feature in such patients. 

Radical methods are of central importance in organic synthesis [1], These reactions are performed under mild and neutral conditions, which usually avoids competing ionic side reactions. Carbon-centered radicals are compatible with a range of functional groups (e.g. aliphatic alcohols, amines, ketones, esters) and also show high chemoselectivity under carefully controlled reaction conditions. Furthermore, reactions involving loss of stereochemistry at the non-radical center are not problematic, and hence radical methods are emerging as a powerful synthetic tool in the field of carbohydrate chemistry. 

The treatment of acute alcohol intoxication is based on the severity of respiratory and CNS depression. Acute alcohol intoxication can be a medical emergency, and a number of young people die every year from this disorder. Patients who are comatose and who exhibit evidence of respiratory depression should be intubated to protect the airway and to provide ventilatory assistance. The stomach may be lavaged, but care must be taken to prevent pulmonary aspiration of the return flow. Since ethanol is freely miscible with water, ethanol can be removed from blood by hemodialysis. 

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