Agrobacterium tumefaciens transformation

Agrobacterium tumefaciens transformation, 22 491 system, 22 488 Agro-based fibers, 22 17-18 Agrochemical market, profitability in, 23 285... 

Fuentes, A. Ramos, P.L. Ayra, C. Rodriguez, M. Ramirez, N. Pujol, M. Development of a highly efficient system for assessing recombinant gene expression in plant cell suspensions via Agrobacterium tumefaciens transformation. Biotechnol. Appl. Biochem. 2004, 39, 355-361. 

HAN, K.H., MEILAN, R., MA, C., STRAUSS, S.H., An Agrobacterium tumefaciens transformation protocol effective on a variety of cottonwood hybrids (genus Populus), Plant Cell Rep., 2000,19, 315-320. 

I. is used as a plant growth regulator. For synthesis, see Ul.. The biosynthetic precursor of I. is considered to be L- tryptophan Biosynthetic studies have been performed with Agrobacterium tumefaciens transformed plant cell cultures. For detection, see Lit.. lU. J. Heterocycl. Chem. 29,953-958 (1992) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 116, 3127 (1994). Aust. J. Plant Physiol. 20. 527-539 (1993). Plant Growth Regul. 10, 313-327 (1991). Pharis. Rood Stewart (eds.). Plant Growth Subst., p. 441 -449, Berlin Springer 1990. 

Fig. 1. Infection and transformation of a suitable host plant by Agrobacterium tumefaciens (from Bryant, 1988).

There are several methods that can be used to introduce foreign genes into plant cells, a process called, in general, transformation. Among the most common plant transformation methods are biolistics and exposure to Agrobacterium tumefaciens. 

Hiei, Y, Komari, T, and Kubo, T. (1997). Transformation of rice mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Plant Mol. Biol. 35 205-218. 

Finally, we tested the particle bombardment method, a biolistic approach that was shown before to work when other approaches have failed. In particular, particle bombardment has allowed the generation of transgenic plants such as crop species, which are not susceptible to Agrobacterium tumefaciens or cannot be regenerated from protoplasts. Furthermore, particle bombardment has facilitated organelle transformation in intact cells and the genetic modification of cultured cells that were not accessible to other transfection techniques. 

Fig. 7. Diagrams of the schemes for modifying levels of A, alcohol dehydrogenase and B, pyruvate decarboxylase activity and testing for survival of anoxia. In A, constructs contain the 35S promoter of the cauliflower mosaic virus (35S) driving expression of the cotton Adh cDNA in either the sense (Adh) or antisense (hdA) orientation, linked to the 3 termination signal of the nopaline synthase gene (Nos). Alternatively, the expression of cotton Adh cDNA is under control of the pea Adh promoter sequence (pea Adh). In B, either the 35S promoter or the pea Adh promoter is used to drive expression of the maize pyruvate decarboxylase cDNA (Pdc), linked to a Nos 3 termination sequence. Constructs are introduced into cotton via Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated infection of cotton. Transformed cotton callus is then assayed for its ability to survive anoxia.

Pugliesi, C., Biasini, M.G., Fambrini, M., and Baroncelli, S., Genetic transformation by Agrobacterium tumefaciens in the interspecific hybrid Helianthus annuus x Helianthus tuberosus, Plant Sci., 93, 105-115, 1993a. 

Figure 13. Agrobacterium tumefaciens, the natural transformation system for plants. The bacterium contains a circular piece of DNA, the Ti-plasmid. The bacterium infects a dicotyledonous plant and transfers the T-DNA from the Ti-plasmid to the plant chromosomal DNA causing a tumor to form. The tumor is called a "crown gall". The gall, or teratoma, can be removed from the plant and placed into culture on medium without exogenous hormones.

Figure 14. Co-cultivation procedure for transformation of plant protoplasts by Agrobacterium tumefaciens.

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