African slave trade

Shortly after the discovery of South America, the peanut was introduced into Africa and Europe, and, during the period of the African slave trade, was introduced into the American colonies. The cultivation of peanuts was largely confined to Virginia until after the War between the States. Seeds were carried home by the soldiers, and the cultivation of peanuts spread throughout the South (19,153). 

Europeans from the Netherlands first settled at the Cape of Good Hope on the southern tip of Africa in 1652 to establish rest and repair station for ships sailing between northern Europe and the Far East. More than 60,000 slaves were brought to Cape Town, until a ban on the slave trade in 1808. Slaves were brought into the colony shortly after the initial settlement because more workers were needed for food production. The slaves were equally from Africa and Asia. Africans were brought from Madagascar and East Africa, and Asians from India, Sri Lanka and the Indonesian archipelago. African slaves usually worked as laborers Indians, Indonesians and free blacks were craftsmen, artisans, builders, coachmen, and hawkers. Women worked as laundresses, wet nurses, and household servants. 

All said, it was not the biggest, fastest, nor last diaspora from Africa. Whereas the first would have involved a few hundred individuals, many millions of Africans exported in the slave trades over the past few hundred years made a massive contribution to the modern world, leaving genetic markers in many non-African people alive today. But, in comparison the latter great diaspora... 

In 1500, Portugal colonized Brazil, beginning economic cycles of exploitation Brazil-wood from trade with natives, sugar, then gold, and then coffee with African slaves. On the wake of the exile of the Portuguese Imperial court to Rio de Janeiro from 1808 to 1821, Brazil became independent under the heir to the throne of Portugal, Peter I, Emperor of Brazil, in 1822. 

The African diaspora is defined to include peoples of sub-Saharan ancestral origins on the continent of Africa, the Caribbean, the Americas, and worldwide. This diaspora began to emerge with the advent of the slave trade in the 1500s. Over the centuries, people of African ancestry have been able to enter other professions such as theology, law, social services, and business. However, engineering as a profession of choice and pursuit for people of African ancestry has been underrepresented than these other professions. 

In Nigeria wealth was displayed in quantities of ivory jewellery in the form of simple bracelets and anklets, and ornaments for the home. In other African countries ivory was used for much less ostentatious items, such as hairpins or ear studs. With the arrival of the Europeans a market opened up for exporting carved objects, but most of the material was exported in its raw state. In the time of slavery it became part of the white gold/black gold story. Local men were commandeered to carry the tusks to the coast and onto the ships, after which the men themselves were ordered to stay on board and were taken away to be traded as slaves. 

London had about 7,000 tobacco shops. By the middle of that century tobacco use liad spread throughout central Europe, and signs of the addictive nature of the drug were evident. For example, African natives would trade land, livestock, and slaves for tobacco. 

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