Aerodynamic wind-tunnel test

The ubiquitous temperature effects on luminescent sensors can be referenced and compensated with dual luminophore preparatiOTis. Several approaches of dual optical sensors have been demonstrated, that can be used for simultaneous determination of oxygen and temperature, or CO2 and temperature, respectively [114,115]. Luminescent temperature indicators have also been employed as reference components in PSPs (see Sect. 3.1). These have foimd widespread application in fluid mechanics and aerodynamic wind tunnel tests. The real-time imaging of dynamic flow processes on model surfaces are of high significance for aerospace and car industry. To avoid interferences or energy transfer between the oxygen and temperature sensitive dyes, these can be incorporated into different types of polymer microparticles [116]. 

Aerodynamics involves the efficient design of external surfaces of aerospace vehicles. Aerodynamics engineers supervise the performance of wind tunnel tests measure and predict the forces of lift and drag and develop and test theories of flight performance, stability, and control. 

In a Japanese plasma wind tunnel, SPA specimens were tested up to 3.8 MW/m2 at 0.7 bar aerodynamic pressure (Fig. 12). After a test duration of 60 s, no obvious damage was visible. The surface temperature of about 2600°C was reduced to 100°C within 20 min. Further analysis showed a maximum charred depth of the ablator of 15 mm. The carbonization process did not change the geometric dimensions, the new heat protection system can be considered absolutely stable to deformation. The carbonized layer still has a noticeable pressure resistance and transfers the load applied by the dynamic pressure to the structure. 

A model undergoing aerodynamic tests in a wind tunnel [U.S, Air Force]... 

Replica of the Wright Flyer undergoing aerodynamic tests in a wind tunnel at NASA s Langley research center, in Virginia. (Chuck Thomas/Old Dominion University/ Photo Researchers, Inc.)... 

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