Aerobic sewage treatment

In conventional aerobic sewage-treatment plants, most azo dyes are not degraded, but about 40-80% of the dye physically adsorb to the sewage sludge [4]. 

CYTOX An aerobic sewage treatment process using pure oxygen, similar to UNOX. 

OECD Test Guideline 303A (1981). Simulation test - aerobic sewage treatment Coupled units test. OECD guidelines for testing of chemicals. Draft update available 1999... 

Certain types of dyes could affect the ability of aerobic sewage treatment microorganisms to biodegrade normal sewage components. The concentrations at which such adverse effects may be seen can be indicated by a variety of studies including the ETAD Ecological Method 103 [20]. 

A Aerobic Sewage Treatment Coupled Units Test... 

OECD 303A, 1993, Simulation test - Aerobic sewage treatment Coupled Units Test - 303 A. Guidelines for testing of chemicals. Organization for Economic Coqteratitm and Development (OECD), Paris, France. 

A Aerobic Sewage Treatment/Coupled Units Test Degradation rate is calculated from % DOC removal... 

OECD 303A, Simulation Test - Aerobic Sewage Treatment Coupled Units Test, Guidelines for Testing of Chemicals, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Paris, France, 2001. 

A - 2001 Aerobic sewage treatment activated sludge units... 

Aerobic Sewage Treatment. Biofilms OPPTS 835.3260 IndirecL via DOC or COD and/or direct analyMs of the test substance No No... 

A-2001 Aerobic Sewage Treatment Activated Sludge Units... 

OECD 303A, Simulation Test Aerobic Sewage Treatment, A Activated Sludge Units, 2001. 

Compared to the aerobic breakdown of nitrobenzene by a Pseudomonas strain (29), the two-step concept described above offers another major advantage for a bioremediation process. Reduction to aniline in the anaerobic system drastically reduces the vapor pressure of nitrobenzene and avoids the volatilization that occurs from the aeration tank of an aerobic sewage treatment system. 

Modifications have been developed in response to specific operating needs. The basis of biological treatment is the formation of an environment in which the microorganisms can thrive under controlled conditions (14). The microorganisms originate in the sewage. A suitable environment is rich in food and maintained in an aerobic state. It has been said that a sewage-treatment plant is a river in miniature (14). 

This chapter has three main objectives firstly, to summarize the behavior of emerging contaminants during sewage treatment because it determines their transfer to biosolids secondly, to provide a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge regarding the occurrence of these pollutants in sludge. Finally, the potential routes for the elimination of emerging contaminants in both aerobic and anaerobic conditions are discussed. 

Banat FA, Prechtl S, Bischof F (2000) Aerobic thermophilic treatment of sewage sludge contaminated with 4-nonylphenol. Chemosphere 41 297-302... 

Temes TA, Kreckel P, Mueller J (1999) Behaviour and occurrence of estrogens in municipal sewage treatment plants - II. Aerobic batch experiments with activated sludge. Sci Total Environ 225 91-99... 

DS (1) [Dual sludge] A two-stage sewage treatment process, combining aerobic and anaerobic processes, which yields methane for use as fuel. Offered by Linde, Munich. 

VerTech A sewage-treatment process in which the sludge is digested under aerobic conditions at high temperature and pressure in a vertical shaft approximately one mile deep. Developed in the 1980s by VerTech Treatment Systems, The Netherlands. Piloted in 1985 at Longmont, CO, and installed at Apeldoom, The Netherlands, in 1991. See also Deep Shaft. Water Bull., 1994, 31 Mar, 6. 

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