Aerobic, biocatalysis

In an influential early investigation, correlation of biocatalytic activity data of aerobic and anaerobic whole-cell biocatalysis with solvent properties resulted in the strongest correlation for the partition coefficient log P, whereas both Hildebrand s solubility parameter 6 and the dielectric constant e showed either a weak correlation with activity data or none at all (Laane, 1985,1987) (Figure 12.2). 

Mechanism and kinetics in biochemical systems describe the cellular reactions that occur in living cells. Biochemical reactions involve two or three phases. For example, aerobic fermentation involves gas (air), liquid (water and dissolved nutrients), and solid (cells), as described in the Biocatalysis subsection above. Bioreactions convert feeds called substrates into more cells or biomass (cell growth), proteins, and metabolic products. Any of these can be the desired product in a commercial fermentation. For instance, methane is converted to biomass in a commercial process to supply fish meal to the fish farming industry. Ethanol, a metabolic product used in transportation fuels, is obtained by fermentation of corn-based or sugar-cane-based sugars. There is a substantial effort to develop genetically modified biocatalysts that produce a desired metabolite at high yield. 

Enzyme Catalysis Exploiting Biocatalysis and Aerobic Oxidations for High-Volume and High-Value Pharmaceutical Syntheses... 

Schirmer A, Jendrossek D, ScUegel HG (1993) Degradation of poly(3-hydroxyoctanoic add) [P(3HO)] by bacteria purification tmd properties of a P(3HO) depolymerase fmm Pseudomonas fluorescens GK13. Appl Environ Microbiol 59 1220 Schirmer A, Matz C, Jendrossek D (1995) Substrate spedfidties of poly(hydroxyalkanoate)-degrading bacteria and active site studies on the extracellular poly(3-hydroxyoctanoic add) depolymerase of Pseudmnonas fluorescens GK13. Can J Microbiol 41 170-179 Schmid A, KoUmer A, Sonnleitner B, Witholt B (1999) Development of equipment and procedures for the safe operation of aerobic bacterid bioprocesses in the presence of bulk amounts of flammable oiganic solvents. Bioprocess Eng 20 91-100 Schmid A, Dordick JS, Hauer B, Kiener A, Wubbolts M, Witholt B (2001) Industrial biocatalysis today and tomorrow. Nature 409 258-268... 

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