Adverse drug reactions topical

The ongoing assessment involves careful observation of the patient every 2 to 4 hours for adverse drug reactions when the antifungal drug is given by the oral or parenteral route. When these dru are applied topically to the skin, the nurse inspects the area at the time of each application for localized skin reactions. When these dm i are administered vaginally, the nurse questions the patient regarding any discomfort or other sensations... 

Flowers, P., Dzierba, S., and Baker, O. (1992), A Continuous Quality Improvement Team Approach to Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting, Topics in Hospital Pharmacy Management, Vol. 12, No. 2, pp. 60-67. 

A systematic review of herbal medicines for lower back pain identified two trials of topical cayenne monopreparations and reported that adverse events in cayenne treatment groups were inflammatory contact eczema, urticaria, minute hemorrhagic spots, and vesiculation or dermatitis. In one trial, 15 adverse events were reported in the cayenne group and 9 in the placebo group (Gagnier et al. 2007). In a clinical trial of a topical capsicum plaster or placebo, localized adverse drug reactions were found in 7.5% of the patients on capsicum and 3.1% on placebo (Frerick et al. 2003). 

Soschin D, Kligman AM (1982) Adverse subjective reactions. In Kligman AM, Leyden JJ (eds) Safety and efficacy of topical drugs and cosmetics. Grune and Stratton, New York, pp 377-388... 

Antiviral drugs are given systemically or as topical dragp. When used systemically these dm may be administered orally or intravenously (IV). Rapid IV administration can result in crystalluria (presence of crystals in the urine). The most common adverse reactions when these drugp are administered systemically... 

Topical antiseptics and germicides have few adverse reactions. Occasionally, an individual may be allergic to die drug, and a skin rash or itching may occur. If an allergic reaction is noted, use of the topical drug is discontinued. 

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