Advantages and Disadvantages of Cellulose Nanofillers

High modulus of elasticity High aspect ratio Low production cost Abundant source 

Different terminologies of nanocellulose Diameter (nm) Length (nm) Aspect ratios (L/d) 

Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC), cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), crystallites, rodlike cellulose microcrystals, cellulose whiskers (CW) or cellulose nano whiskers (CNW) 2-20 100-600 10-100 

Elowever, cellulose nanofillers have some disadvantages such as moisture absorption and poor compatibility with the hydrophobic polymer matrices [27, 28]. The use of nanocellulosic fillers is mostly limited to hydrosoluble polymers, latexes, or DMF-soluble polymers [12, 29, 30]. To overcome this problem, several methods were proposed recently, which involved the chemical modification of the cellulosic fillers [12, 30] with various chemical reagents such as acetic anhydride [31], alkenyl succinic anhydrides [32], chlorosilanes [33,34], or hexamethyldisilazane [35]. 

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